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The state-of-the-art in water-worked bed hydraulics can only be examined through a careful exploration of the experimental (both laboratory and field) results via theoretical development. This book is primarily focused on the research aspects that involve a comprehensive knowledge of sediment dynamics in turbulent flows, as the most up-to-date research findings in the field are presented. It begins with two reviews on bedload transport and water-work bed experimental studies. The sediment dynamics is then analyzed from a classical perspective by applying the mean bed shear approach and additionally incorporating a statistical description for the role of turbulence. The work finally examines the local scour problems at hydraulic structures and results from field studies. It is intended as a course guide for field professionals, keeping up with modern technological developments. Therefore, as a simple prerequisite, readers should have a basic knowledge of hydraulics to an undergraduate level.
spur dike --- scour --- scour depth --- scour holes --- morphology --- aquatic plants --- flow velocity measurements --- river morphology --- acoustic Doppler velocimeter --- natural sandy bed river --- sand waves --- turbulent kinetic energy --- aquatic plant biomechanics --- spur dike --- scour --- scour holes --- morphology --- local bed shear stress --- heavy metals --- sediment --- environmental variables --- risk assessment --- Three Gorges Reservoir --- mountain stream --- Mountain River --- check dam --- water reservoir --- bed-load transport --- fluvial hydraulics --- gravel-bed stream --- turbulent flow --- water-worked gravel bed --- experiments --- flood --- hysteresis --- river --- sediment --- bedload --- bed shear stress --- logarithmic law of the wall --- von Kármán parameter ? --- bedload --- granular beds --- drag-reducing flows --- in-stream structures --- groyne field --- groyne type --- backwater effect --- flow resistance --- friction factor --- flow type --- n/a
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Climate and anthropogenic changes impact the conditions of erosion and sediment transport in rivers. Rainfall variability and, in many places, the increase of rainfall intensity have a direct impact on rainfall erosivity. Increasing changes in demography have led to the acceleration of land cover changes in natural areas, as well as in cultivated areas, and, sometimes, in degraded areas and desertified landscapes. These anthropogenized landscapes are more sensitive to erosion. On the other hand, the increase in the number of dams in watersheds traps a great portion of sediment fluxes, which do not reach the sea in the same amount, nor at the same quality, with consequences on coastal geomorphodynamics. This book is dedicated to studies on sediment fluxes from continental areas to coastal areas, as well as observation, modeling, and impact analysis at different scales from watershed slopes to the outputs of large river basins. This book is concentrated on a number of keywords: “erosion” and “sediment transport”, “model” and “practice”, and “change”. The keywords are briefly discussed with respect to the relevant literature. The contributions in this book address observations and models based on laboratory and field data, allowing researchers to make use of such resources in practice under changing conditions.
GSD --- proglacial channels --- bedload transport --- field measurements --- fluvial erosion --- soil slurry --- sedimentation --- two-phase flow --- transfer --- deposition --- limiting tractive force --- Wadi Mina --- Algeria --- sediment --- ruptures --- SMBA Dam --- specific degradation --- Mediterranean Maghreb Basin --- water fluxes --- sediment fluxes --- reservoirs --- hillside reservoirs --- sediment retention --- soil erosion --- rill development --- erosion topography --- sloping flume experiments --- climate change --- human activities --- soil erosion --- SWAT model --- Xihe River Basin --- runoff --- suspended sediment --- phosphorus --- water quality modelling --- mitigation measures --- flooding --- incipient deposition --- sediment transport --- self-cleansing --- sewer systems --- shear stress --- urban drainage system --- aggradation --- CCHE1D --- climate change --- degradation --- dynamical downscaling --- flow discharge --- migration --- riverbed --- sediment --- bed load transport --- shear Reynolds number --- mixed-size bed material --- complex morphodynamics --- soil loss --- sediment delivery --- erosion modelling --- environmental change --- agriculture --- Czech Republic --- Anthropocene --- climate change --- deposition --- erosion --- modeling --- practice --- sedimentation --- sediment transport --- watershed
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The interface of 440,000 km long coastline in the world is subject to global change, with an increasing human pressure (land use, buildings, sand mining, dredging) and increasing population. Improving our knowledge on involved mechanisms and sediment transport processes, monitoring the evolution of sedimentary stocks and anticipating changes in littoral and coastal zones is essential for this purpose. The special issue of Water on “Sediment transport in coastal waters” gathers thirteen papers which introduce the current revolution in the scientific research related to coastal and littoral hydrosedimentary dynamics, and reflect the diversity of concerns on which research in coastal sediment transport is based, and current trends — topics and preferred methods — to address them.
suspended sediment --- sediment transport --- coastal hydraulics --- Mekong --- river plume --- monsoon --- mathematical model --- geochemical map --- particle transfer process --- tidal current --- analysis of variance (ANOVA) --- Cluster analysis --- Mahalanobis’ generalized distances --- Seto Inland Sea --- East Coast Low --- nearshore processes --- coastal erosion --- coastal management --- climate change --- numerical modelling --- Southeast Australia --- soil erosion --- SWAT --- water scarcity --- sediment transport modelling --- Tafna catchment --- North Africa --- suspended sediment --- sediment transport --- lagoon --- geochemistry --- Ni mining --- sediment trap --- hydrodynamics --- New Caledonia --- dry season --- Senegal River delta --- Langue de Barbarie spit --- delta vulnerability --- river-mouth migration --- spit breaching --- ERA hindcast waves --- longshore sediment transport --- Vietnam --- South China Sea --- erosion --- recovery --- storminess --- winter monsoon --- typhoons --- shoreline --- waves forcing --- storms --- resilience --- post-storm recovery --- Bight of Benin --- seasonal cycle --- trend --- sand-mud mixture erosion --- numerical modelling --- non-cohesive to cohesive transition --- remote sensing reflectance --- turbidity --- seagrass beds --- bed shear stress --- fresh water runoff --- oceanic water intrusion --- suspended particulate matter --- aggregates --- flocculation --- biomass --- sediment --- turbidity --- remote-sensing --- MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) --- Support Vector Regression (SVR) --- oligotrophic lagoon --- bathymetry --- reflectance --- seabed colour --- coral reef --- New Caledonia --- sediment transport --- cohesive sediments --- non cohesive sediments --- sand --- mud --- coastal erosion --- sedimentation --- morphodynamics --- suspended particulate matter --- bedload
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