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"The health sector is a complex and dynamic conglomerate of services at local, regional and national levels. How to balance different considerations between new medical-professional knowledge, controlling expenses and local interests are among the permanent challenges facing political bodies when planning and structuring the services. The book is based upon institutionalist organisation theories, referring back to classic texts as well as present-day analyses. By taking a long-term perspective, and analysing one Norwegian county as a case study, the author addresses questions about how conflicts on hospital structure seemingly have been solved, and how the introduction of new management forms have changed the sector. One of the issues is how, in a 40 years’ perspective, different interest groups have seen their influence over health services and management forms have changed. In contrast to hypotheses that medical doctors would see their influence becoming reduced, the analyses show how medical actors, in an alliance with management consultants, have become more influential when innovations in health work and eventually organisation models are introduced. Regional political bodies and local community interests have lost much of their former role in restructuring processes. At the end of the book, the author makes some hypotheses about how health services will develop in the interface between ideas of a centralised, modern, high tech hospital model on one hand, and local and home based services on the other. These developments will in a nearby future most likely restructure the health sector once more. "
health sector policies --- institutionalist theory --- organizational change --- hospital organizations --- helsesektor --- insitusjonell teori --- organisatorisk endring --- helsepolitikk
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"The development and spread of self-help groups in Norway has been unlike that in other western countries. Public authorities, in collaboration with private sector volunteer resources, have created a national hybrid organization, Self-Help Norway (Selvhjelp Norge), to promote ‘self-help’ options. The introduction of combined groups, in which participants come together with a range of different problems or diagnoses, is also unusual. This book takes a closer look at the phenomenon of self-help in light of theories relating to group therapy, social movements, organizational sociology and welfare-state development. The individual chapters are based on the authors’ own research on self-help groups and the way they are organized in Norway. Our underlying point of departure is that self-help is in fact something quite different from the common public perception of a self-absorbed and ‘narcissistic’ activity that occurs at the expense of the community. Self-help groups have, rightly so, a focus on individual change and have recently gained a stronger psychological orientation. There is however a need for describing and analyzing the self-help group’s collective dimension, the reciprocal form of self-help that takes place in the context of the group. We analyze as well the growth of what we have called ‘the new self-help movement’ in the border zone between public and private sector and show how self-help has been established in various local societies as a form of social entrepreneurship. The movement’s breakthrough with the public sector is internationally unique, but it can also have come at a cost in the form of less legitimacy and relevance for the other self-help organizations. We pose questions about where these developments will lead."
self-help groups --- Self-Help Norway --- group therapy --- social movements --- organizational sociology --- welfare-state development --- selvhjelp --- Selvhjelp Norge --- gruppeterapi --- organisasjonssosiologi --- velferdsstatsutvikling
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