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In dieser Open-Access-Publikation stellt der Autor die Evolution der Steuergerechtigkeitsideen und -prinzipien in einen historischen Zusammenhang und ordnet diese in größere Strukturen ein, um so ein geschlossenes Bild der Steuergerechtigkeitskonzepte in der Rechts-, Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte zu zeichnen. Dabei gelingt es dem Autor, die Entwicklung der finanzwissenschaftlichen Diskussion und des Steuerwesens konsequent an den klassischen steuerlichen Gerechtigkeitskriterien zu messen.

Business --- Management science --- Tax accounting --- Tax laws --- Public finance --- Accounting

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This book takes a taxpayer's perspective to the relations taxation creates between people and their state. Larsen proposes that in order to understand tax compliance and cheating, we have to look beyond law, psychological experiments and surveys to include tax collectors and taxpayers' practices. The text explores the view of taxes seen as citizen’s explicit economic relation to the state and implicit economic relation to all other compatriots. Larsen suggests how to build and increase tax compliance if we take the idea of taxation creating reciprocal relations seriously. The empirical cases are based on ethnography from two opposing tax practices in Sweden. Firstly, from a study of analysts, auditors, legal experts and managers at the Swedish Tax Agency and how they, quite successfully, strive for legitimacy in their tax collecting activities in society. Secondly, from fieldwork among a group of middle-aged Swedes and how they justify their tax-cheating when purchasing work off the books. Sweden is a modern society seen as particularly rational and the least prone to worry about survival issues; they trust their government and fellow citizens. Sweden is therefore an important country to look at as an example of tax compliance and whether other countries showing a continuous inclination towards these values will follow their lead.

Tax compliance --- Reciprocity --- Ethnography --- Economic anthropology --- Welfare --- Exchanges --- Taxpayer --- Marcel Mauss --- Swedish Tax Agency --- quid-pro-quo exchange --- Fiscal anthropology --- Swedish tax --- Behavioural economics --- Economic exchanges and reciprocity --- Tax as a gift --- Public economics --- Progressive marginal tax --- Contributive and distributive balancing

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This open access book evaluates, from an economic perspective, various measures introduced in Japan to prevent climate change. Although various countries have implemented such policies in response to the pressing issue of climate change, the effectiveness of those programs has not been sufficiently compared. In particular, policy evaluations in the Asian region are far behind those in North America and Europe due to data limitations and political reasons. The first part of the book summarizes measures in different sectors in Japan to prevent climate change, such as emissions trading and carbon tax, and assesses their impact. The second part shows how those policies have changed the behavior of firms and households. In addition, it presents macro-economic simulations that consider the potential of renewable energy. Lastly, based on these comprehensive assessments, it compares the effectiveness of measures to prevent climate change in Japan and Western countries. Providing valuable insights, this book will appeal to both academic researchers and policymakers seeking cost-effective measures against climate change.

Natural Resource and Energy Economics --- Energy Policy, Economics and Management --- Fossil Fuels (incl. Carbon Capture) --- Natural Resources --- Environmental Economics --- Fossil Fuel --- Solid Earth Sciences --- Open Access --- Carbon Pricing --- Emission Trading Scheme --- Climate Policy --- Paris Agreement --- Carbon Tax --- Carbon Policy in Japan --- Environmental economics --- Energy technology & engineering --- Energy industries & utilities --- Fossil fuel technologies --- Environmental management,

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Until recently, most grape-based wine was consumed close to where it was produced, and mostly that was in Europe. Now more than two-fifths of all wine consumed globally is produced in another country, including in the Southern Hemisphere, the USA and Asia. This latest edition of global wine statistics not only updates data to 2016 but also adds another century of data. The motivation to assemble those historical data was to enable comparisons between the current and the previous globalization waves. This unique database reveals that, even though Europe’s vineyards were devastated by vine diseases and the pest phylloxera from the 1860s, most ‘New World’ countries remained net importers of wine until late in the nineteenth century. Some of the world’s leading wine economists and historians have contributed to and drawn on this database to examine the development of national wine market developments before, during and in between the two waves of globalization. Their initial analyses cover all key wine-producing and -consuming countries using a common methodology to explain long-term trends and cycles in national wine production, consumption, and trade.

statistics --- global wine statistics --- kym anderson --- domestic sales --- signe nelgen --- unit value of wine production --- economic aspects --- global wine markets --- american market --- overseas sales --- wine brands --- wine brand --- vicente pinilla --- european market --- commercial-premium wine --- statistical compendium --- excise --- wine and wine making --- exports --- wine industry --- wine consumption --- per capita expenditure --- import tax --- imports --- south american market --- globalisation --- global wine trade --- australian market --- super-premium wine --- new world wine --- asian market --- national markets --- non-premium wine