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Volume 2 "Issues in Child Welfare" is primarily concerned with how best to respond to maltreatment ‘within’ the family and hence has a range of papers which are much more concerned with the area of policy and practice more traditionally framed in terms of ‘child welfare’ and social work with children and families. It also includes a paper on how to respond to child maltreatment and neglect in a large hospital context.

child abuse --- child protection --- child maltreatment --- public protection --- the role of state --- family and community --- family support --- social surveillance --- risk to children

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Ensuring the sustainability of early stage companies and increasing awareness of the need for balancing targets against different stakeholder groups among young companies are not well developed. Young companies, in the first place, want to achieve financial success very often without regard for aspects such as the environment, positive relationships with employees, suppliers or other stakeholder groups, fulfilling requirements of labor law, etc. Another issue is that of companies whose business models are based on actuarially-preferred concepts, such as sharing economy, sustainable development, e-comers, e-commerce, renewable energy, social media, and others. A key issue is the resignation of companies from an approach to business, based on the foundations of classical economics to the sharing economy. Theory and practice seek new solutions in the sphere of value sharing in these new areas of sharing, and innovative forms of its implementation. Intriguing is the relationship of these business models with sustainability issues, as well as wondering how technology can influence sustainability. A contemporary approach to consumer value fits in with the assumption of a shared economy. It is interesting how it affects the assumptions of sustainability of business. The ongoing changes in the value system of potential consumers create new conditions for the design of sustainability business models and creation of innovation.

social enterprises --- performance evaluation --- efficiency --- data envelopment analysis --- social enterprise --- value creation --- product innovation --- social capital --- social value --- green human resource management --- sustainability development --- young companies --- value migration --- value capture --- sustainable business model --- digital economy --- sustainability development --- corporate social responsibility --- sustainable enterprises --- young companies --- socially responsible human resource management --- medical device industry --- medical device start-ups --- start-ups --- success factor --- Korea --- analytical hierarchy process --- China --- entrepreneurship-specific human capital --- incubator --- incubation services --- network involvement --- tenants’ graduation --- coworking space --- creativity --- social climate --- sustainable business model innovation --- opportunity recognition and evaluation --- young firms --- job performance --- mutual support --- role breadth self-efficacy --- coworking space --- digitalization --- business model --- social aspects --- railway companies

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Acquiring knowledge is a life-long process; we constantly need to keep abreast of developments and progress in science and other disciplines. Embracing a scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) means practicing constant self-reflection, involving evaluation of the academic career and the ways in which strategies are designed to examine, interpret, and share learning about teaching. This practice not only yields benefits to the lecturer but also enriches the scholarly community in the discipline. In general, SoTL is regarded as a vibrant practice of ongoing self-criticism and sharing, which results in accumulated teaching experiences for teachers, students, and the teaching community at large. This book is a contribution from authors sharing their experiences, how their teaching portfolios reflect their personal development as teachers, and how their teaching experiences are embedded in the scholarship of teaching and learning.

sustainability --- Green Engineering --- curriculum development --- chemical education --- engineering education --- improving classroom teaching --- simulations --- teaching/learning strategies --- GIS --- learning tool --- open source software --- satellite data --- crystal system --- Bravais lattices --- spatial abilities --- didactic virtual resources --- didactic virtual tools --- design --- active methodology --- hidden curriculum --- engineering --- faculty --- professionalization --- mixed-methods --- critical theoretical frameworks --- anti-deficit approach --- engineering education research --- critical pedagogy --- inductive methods --- re-thinking the teaching --- viscometer --- systems engineering --- education --- role-play --- self-reflection --- reverse engineering --- active learning --- CDIO --- learning activity --- high school --- engineering curriculum --- STEM --- service-learning --- project-based learning --- underrepresented minorities --- outcomes --- ternary phase diagrams --- spatial visualization --- PDF-3D --- engineering education --- education --- engineering --- evaluation --- survey --- feedback --- moderation --- pass rate --- module

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Carbonic anhydrases (CAs; EC 4.2.1.1) are metalloenzymes present in all kingdoms of life, as they equilibrate the reaction between three simple but essential chemical species: CO2, bicarbonate, and protons. Discovered more than 80 years ago, in 1933, these enzymes have been extensively investigated due to the biomedical application of their inhibitors, but also because they are an extraordinary example of convergent evolution, with seven genetically distinct CA families that evolved independently in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. CAs are also among the most efficient enzymes known in nature, due to the fact that the uncatalyzed hydration of CO2 is a very slow process and the physiological demands for its conversion to ionic, soluble species is very high. Inhibition of the CAs has pharmacological applications in many fields, such as antiglaucoma, anticonvulsant, antiobesity, and anticancer agents/diagnostic tools, but is also emerging for designing anti-infectives, i.e., antifungal, antibacterial, and antiprotozoan agents with a novel mechanism of action. Mitochondrial CAs are implicated in de novo lipogenesis, and thus selective inhibitors of such enzymes may be useful for the development of new antiobesity drugs. As tumor metabolism is diverse compared to that of normal cells, ultimately, relevant contributions on the role of the tumor-associated isoforms CA IX and XII in these phenomena have been published and the two isoforms have been validated as novel antitumor/antimetastatic drug targets, with antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors in various stages of clinical development. CAs also play a crucial role in other metabolic processes connected with urea biosynthesis, gluconeogenesis, and so on, since many carboxylation reactions catalyzed by acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase or pyruvate carboxylase use bicarbonate, not CO2, as a substrate. In organisms other than mammals, e.g., plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, CAs are involved in photosynthesis, whereas in many parasites (fungi, protozoa), they are involved in the de novo synthesis of important metabolites (lipids, nucleic acids, etc.). The metabolic effects related to interference with CA activity, however, have been scarcely investigated. The present Special Issue of Metabolites aims to fill this gap by presenting the latest developments in the field of CAs and their role in metabolism.

tumor --- metabolism --- carbonic anhydrase --- isoforms IX and XII --- inhibitor --- sulfonamide --- antibody --- bacterial carbonic anhydrases --- inhibitors --- antibiotic --- CO2 capture --- engineered bacteria --- acidity --- hypoxia --- pH --- carbonic anhydrases --- V-ATPases --- proton pump inhibitors --- carbonic anhydrase inhibitors --- carbonic anhydrase IX --- cancer --- hypoxia --- radiation --- resistance --- tumors --- pH --- carbonic anhydrases --- metalloenzymes --- carbonic anhydrase IX --- carbonic anhydrase XII --- cancer therapeutics --- metabolism --- tumor microenvironment --- drug discovery --- hypoxia --- carbonic anhydrase IX --- cancer metabolism --- transporter --- integrin --- MMP14 --- migration --- invasion --- metastasis --- carbonic anhydrases --- CA gene family --- Chlamydomonas reinhardtii --- model alga --- metabolic role --- photosynthesis --- carbonic anhydrase --- hypoxic tumor --- metabolism --- carboxylation --- bicarbonate --- pH regulation --- antitumor agent --- sulfonamide --- bacterial enzymes --- carbonic anhydrase --- enzyme inhibition --- metalloenzymes --- amino acid --- glaucoma --- tumors --- carbonic anhydrase --- human isoform --- sulfonamide --- benzamide --- pathogens --- Entamoeba histolytica --- carbonic anhydrase --- metalloenzymes --- protozoan --- amine --- amino acid --- activator

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This is a collection of published papers from a variety of authors from around the world on the topic of the health and wellbeing of minority sexual orientation and gender identity populations. Some of the included papers focused on health inequality and inequity and some focussed on healthcare delivery. Many showed how health inequities in LGBT+ groups of people were found across a wide variety of political environments and health and wellbeing topics and frequently inadequate healthcare delivery. The increasing interest in research in this area, which has been neglected in the past, shows its growing importance.

women’s health --- sexual identity --- chronic health conditions --- Chinese gay men --- interpersonal sensitivity --- loneliness --- influencing factors --- LGBT --- gay --- lesbian --- transgender --- undergraduate medical education --- decolonizing the curriculum --- medical education --- curriculum development --- sexually transmitted diseases --- risk factors --- sexual and gender minorities --- sexual minority women --- SMW --- lesbian --- bisexual --- trans --- health inequalities --- heterosexism --- adolescents --- romantic attraction --- same-gender attraction --- both-gender attraction --- sexual minority youth --- substance use --- alcohol consumption --- drunkenness --- tobacco --- cannabis --- HBSC --- age --- gender --- same-sex marriage --- sexual orientation --- suicidality --- diversity --- gender --- health care system --- homosexuality --- LGBTI --- gay men --- content analysis --- behavioral characteristics --- GSN apps --- Blued --- LGBT --- wellbeing --- Ottawa Charter --- recognition --- Theory of Recognition --- mental health --- social inclusion and sense of community --- social participation --- community participation --- social connectedness --- community connectedness --- bullying --- sexual minority --- sexual orientation --- gender role nonconformity --- family support --- lesbian --- bisexual --- gay --- transgender --- education --- systematic review --- assessment as learning --- medical student --- game-based teaching --- gender competency --- LGBT+ friendly healthcare