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The aim of this book is to provide an overview on the importance of stoichiometry in the materials science field. It presents a collection of selected research articles and reviews providing up-to-date information related to stoichiometry at various levels. Being materials science an interdisciplinary area, the book has been divided in multiple sections, each for a specific field of applications. The first two sections introduce the role of stoichiometry in nanotechnology and defect chemistry, providing examples of state-of-the-art technologies. Section three and four are focused on intermetallic compounds and metal oxides. Section five describes the importance of stoichiometry in electrochemical applications. In section six new strategies for solid phase synthesis are reported, while a cross sectional approach to the influence of stoichiometry in energy production is the topic of the last section. Though specifically addressed to readers with a background in physical science, I believe this book will be of interest to researchers working in materials science, engineering and technology.
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Advanced Topics in Biomineralization is a compendium of current topics focusing on processes of formation, organization, as well as mineralization of novel structural materials. From enchondral ossification to the application of biomineralized cement, the subject of biomineralization encompasses a range of diverse disciplines including molecular biology, supramolecular chemistry, materials science and engineering. A common theme in all these areas of research in biomineralization is the ability to utilize strategies from Nature to create functional materials. By understanding Nature's tools to make strong and tough materials, similar properties can be endowed into man-made materials in the near future.
Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology --- Materials Science --- Biomaterials --- Mineralogy
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The chapters covered in this book include emerging new techniques on sintering. Major experts in this field contributed to this book and presented their research. Topics covered in this publication include Spark plasma sintering, Magnetic Pulsed compaction, Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic technology for the preparation of 3-dimesinal circuits, Microwave sintering of thermistor ceramics, Synthesis of Bio-compatible ceramics, Sintering of Rare Earth Doped Bismuth Titanate Ceramics prepared by Soft Combustion, nanostructured ceramics, alternative solid-state reaction routes yielding densified bulk ceramics and nanopowders, Sintering of intermetallic superconductors such as MgB2, impurity doping in luminescence phosphors synthesized using soft techniques, etc. Other advanced sintering techniques such as radiation thermal sintering for the manufacture of thin film solid oxide fuel cells are also described.
Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology --- Materials Science --- Ceramics --- Process Engineering
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Plasticizers are used to increase the process-ability, flexibility, and durability of the material, and of course to reduce the cost in many cases. This edition covers introduction and applications of various types of plasticizers including those based on non-toxic and highly effective pyrrolidones, and a new source of Collagen based bio-plasticizers that can be obtained from discarded materials from a natural source; Jumbo Squid (Dosidicus gigas). It covers the application of plasticizers in plastic, ion-selective electrode/electrochemical sensor, transdermal drug delivery system, pharmaceutical and environmental sectors. This book can be used as an important reference by graduate students, and researchers, scientists, engineers and industrialists in polymer, electrochemical, pharmaceutical and environmental industries.
Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology --- Materials Science --- Biomaterials --- Polymers
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Thermoplastics can be used for various applications, which range from household articles to the aeronautic sector. This book, ""Thermoplastic Elastomers"", is comprised of nineteen chapters, written by specialized scientists dealing with physical and/or chemical modifications of thermoplastics and thermoplastic starch. Such studies will provide a great benefit to specialists in food, electric, telecommunication devices, and plastic industries. Each chapter provides a comprehensive introduction to a specific topic, with a survey of developments to date.
Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology --- Materials Science --- Biochemistry --- Polymers
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Ion implantation presents a continuously evolving technology. While the benefits of ion implantation are well recognized for many commercial endeavors, there have been recent developments in this field. Improvements in equipment, understanding of beam-solid interactions, applications to new materials, improved characterization techniques, and more recent developments to use implantation for nanostructure formation point to new directions for ion implantation and are presented in this book.
Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology --- Materials Science --- Semiconductor --- Thermal Engineering
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This book comprises the contributions of several authors in the area of polymer physics by application of conducting polymers; hydrogel films on optical fiber core; thin film polymers; PDLC films application; photopolymers for holographic media; microwave absorption and EMI shielding behavior of nanocomposites based on intrinsically conducting polymers and graphene and carbon nanotubes; in the area of polymer synthesis of conducting polymers; oxidative polymerization of aniline; electro reductive polymerization; polysilanes with ordered sequences; radiation cross-linking poly(urethane-imide) and nitrogen-rich polymers as candidates for energetic applications; development of ruthenium complexes to novel functional nanocomposites. We hope that this book will help inspire readers to pursue study and research in this field.
Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology --- Materials Science --- Biochemistry --- Polymers
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The feature of polyimides and other heterocyclic polymers are now well-established and used for long term temperature durability in the range of 250 - 350'C. This book will review synthesis, mechanisms, ultimate properties, physico-chemical properties, processing and applications of such high performance materials needed in advanced technologies. It presents interdisciplinary papers on the state of knowledge of each topic under consideration through a combination of overviews and original unpublished research. The volume contains eleven chapters divided into three sections: Chemistry; Chemical and Physical Properties; and Applications.
Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology --- Materials Science --- Biochemistry --- Polymers
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This book provides an extensive overview of current trends in the area of elastomers and their composites from the chapters contributed by internationally recognized specialists. The book deals with novel synthesis, modelling and experimental methods in elastomers. Contents include: new approach to crosslinking, liquid crystal elastomers, nanocomposites, smart elastomers, elastomers in microelectronics and microfluidics, elastomers in cement concrete and mortar, experimental testing and modelling. Each section demonstrates how enhancements in materials, processes and characterization techniques can improve performance in the field of engineering. The book provides a unique opportunity to discover the latest research on elastomer advances from laboratories around the world. This book addresses to industrial and academic researchers in the fields of physical, chemical, biological sciences and engineering.
Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology --- Materials Science --- Biochemistry --- Polymers
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The field of material analysis has seen explosive growth during the past decades. Almost all the textbooks on materials analysis have a section devoted to the Fourier transform theory. For this reason, the book focuses on the material analysis based on Fourier transform theory. The book chapters are related to FTIR and the other methods used for analyzing different types of materials. It is hoped that this book will provide the background, reference and incentive to encourage further research and results in this area as well as provide tools for practical applications. It provides an applications-oriented approach to materials analysis written primarily for physicist, Chemists, Agriculturalists, Electrical Engineers, Mechanical Engineers, Signal Processing Engineers, and the Academic Researchers and for the Graduate Students who will also find it useful as a reference for their research activities.
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