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The term ‘biomedical engineering’ refers to the application of the principles and problem-solving techniques of engineering to biology and medicine. Biomedical engineering is an interdisciplinary branch, as many of the problems health professionals are confronted with have traditionally been of interest to engineers because they involve processes that are fundamental to engineering practice. Biomedical engineers employ common engineering methods to comprehend, modify, or control biological systems, and to design and manufacture devices that can assist in the diagnosis and therapy of human diseases. This Special Issue of Fluids aims to be a forum for scientists and engineers from academia and industry to present and discuss recent developments in the field of biomedical engineering. It contains papers that tackle, both numerically (Computational Fluid Dynamics studies) and experimentally, biomedical engineering problems, with a diverse range of studies focusing on the fundamental understanding of fluid flows in biological systems, modelling studies on complex rheological phenomena and molecular dynamics, design and improvement of lab-on-a-chip devices, modelling of processes inside the human body as well as drug delivery applications. Contributions have focused on problems associated with subjects that include hemodynamical flows, arterial wall shear stress, targeted drug delivery, FSI/CFD and Multiphysics simulations, molecular dynamics modelling and physiology-based biokinetic models.

alkannin --- cancer --- stability study --- drug delivery system --- hydrodynamics --- microfluidics --- pipette Petri dish single-cell trapping (PP-SCT) --- passive trapping --- single-cell trapping --- single cell analysis --- tilt trapping --- pressure drop --- CFD --- Casson fluid --- blood --- hematocrit --- small vessel --- microfluidics --- spreading --- gelation --- hydrogel --- hyaluronic --- viscoelastic --- viscous --- gravitational --- capillary --- biochemical processes --- biokinetics --- human biomonitoring --- bisphenol A --- exposure reconstruction --- risk assessment --- free-flowing film --- FFMR --- inclined ?-channel --- non-Newtonian --- shear thinning --- ?-PIV --- meniscus --- Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm --- Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) --- Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) --- haematocrit --- pulsatile flow --- non-Newtonian --- dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol (DPPG) --- doxorubicin --- hyperbranched polyester --- simulations --- n/a --- microfluidics --- blood flow --- viscoelastic --- falling film microreactor --- ?-PIV --- abdominal aortic aneurysm --- hematocrit --- computational fluid dynamics simulations --- fluid–structure interaction --- arterial wall shear stress --- drug delivery --- droplet spreading --- passive trapping --- cell capture --- lab-on-a-chip --- physiology-based biokinetics --- liposomes --- shikonin --- human bio-monitoring

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Due to the influence of pore-throat size distribution, pore connectivity, and microscale fractures, the transport, distribution, and residual saturation of fluids in porous media are difficult to characterize. Petrophysical methods in natural porous media have attracted great attention in a variety of fields, especially in the oil and gas industry. A wide range of research studies have been conducted on the characterization of porous media covers and multiphase flow therein. Reliable approaches for characterizing microstructure and multiphase flow in porous media are crucial in many fields, including the characterization of residual water or oil in hydrocarbon reservoirs and the long-term storage of supercritical CO2 in geological formations. This book gathers together 15 recent works to emphasize fundamental innovations in the field and novel applications of petrophysics in unconventional reservoirs, including experimental studies, numerical modeling (fractal approach), and multiphase flow modeling/simulations. The relevant stakeholders of this book are authorities and service companies working in the petroleum, subsurface water resources, air and water pollution, environmental, and biomaterial sectors.

Wilkins equation --- non-laminar flow --- turbulence modelling --- porous media --- oil tanker --- temperature drop --- oscillating motion --- numerical simulation --- soil-water characteristic curve --- initial void ratio --- air-entry value --- fractal dimension --- fractal model --- oil properties --- diffusion coefficient --- supercritical CO2 --- Peng-Robinson equation of state (PR EOS) --- CT --- digital rock --- microfractures --- Lattice Boltzmann method --- pore-scale simulations --- tight sandstone --- pore structure --- multifractal --- classification --- Ordos Basin --- loose media --- coal --- porosity --- true density --- bulk density --- overburden pressure --- particle size --- tight conglomerate --- fracture characterization and prediction --- fractal method --- salt rock --- creep --- damage --- fractional derivative --- acoustic emission --- marine gas hydrate --- submarine landslide --- greenhouse gas emission --- lifecycle management --- hazard prevention --- multilayer reservoir --- interlayer interference --- producing degree --- seepage resistance --- wellbore multiphase flow --- inclined angle --- liquid rate --- gas rate --- pressure drawdown model with new coefficients --- base-level cycle --- pore structure --- mouth bar sand body --- Huanghua Depression --- isotopic composition --- methane --- gas hydrate --- South China Sea --- Bakken Formation --- pore structure --- controlling factors --- low-temperature nitrogen adsorption --- petrophysics --- fractal porous media --- unconventional reservoirs --- multiphase flow

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This book includes papers in cross-disciplinary applications of mathematical modelling: from medicine to linguistics, social problems, and more. Based on cutting-edge research, each chapter is focused on a different problem of modelling human behaviour or engineering problems at different levels. The reader would find this book to be a useful reference in identifying problems of interest in social, medicine and engineering sciences, and in developing mathematical models that could be used to successfully predict behaviours and obtain practical information for specialised practitioners. This book is a must-read for anyone interested in the new developments of applied mathematics in connection with epidemics, medical modelling, social issues, random differential equations and numerical methods.

human behaviour --- organisational risk --- multi-criteria decision-making --- DEMATEL --- bottling process --- cellular automata --- game of life --- brain dynamics --- random non-autonomous second order linear differential equation --- mean square analytic solution --- random power series --- uncertainty quantification --- systems of nonlinear equations --- iterative methods --- Newton’s method --- order of convergence --- computational efficiency --- basin of attraction --- F-110 frigate --- decision-making --- ASW --- anti-torpedo decoy --- AHP --- uncertainty modelling --- Chikungunya disease --- mathematical modeling --- nonlinear dynamical systems --- numerical simulations --- parameter estimation --- Markov chain Monte Carlo --- block preconditioner --- generalized eigenvalue problem --- neutron diffusion equation --- modified block Newton method --- bone repair --- macrophages --- immune system --- cytokines --- stem cells --- exponential polynomial --- discrete dynamical systems --- convergence --- Hidden Markov models --- mathematical linguistics --- Voynich Manuscript --- IPV --- violence index --- independence index --- model --- ode

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This book was established after the 6th International Workshop on Numerical and Evolutionary Optimization (NEO), representing a collection of papers on the intersection of the two research areas covered at this workshop: numerical optimization and evolutionary search techniques. While focusing on the design of fast and reliable methods lying across these two paradigms, the resulting techniques are strongly applicable to a broad class of real-world problems, such as pattern recognition, routing, energy, lines of production, prediction, and modeling, among others. This volume is intended to serve as a useful reference for mathematicians, engineers, and computer scientists to explore current issues and solutions emerging from these mathematical and computational methods and their applications.

genetic programming --- driving scoring functions --- driving events --- risky driving --- intelligent transportation systems --- mixture experiments --- single component constraints --- genetic algorithm --- IV-optimality criterion --- multiobjective optimization --- optimal control --- model order reduction --- model predictive control --- location routing problem --- rubber --- modify differential evolution algorithm --- vehicle routing problem --- differential evolution algorithm --- crop planning --- economic crops --- improvement differential evolution algorithm --- averaged Hausdorff distance --- evolutionary multi-objective optimization --- power means --- metric measure spaces --- performance indicator --- Pareto front --- surrogate-based optimization --- numerical simulations --- shape morphing --- bulbous bow --- open-source framework --- U-shaped assembly line balancing --- basic differential evolution algorithm --- improved differential evolution algorithm --- optimal solutions --- Genetic Programming --- Bloat --- NEAT --- Local Search --- EvoSpace --- improved differential evolution algorithm --- flexible job shop scheduling problem --- local search and jump search --- evolutionary computation --- multi-objective optimization --- decision space diversity

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Risk measures play a vital role in many subfields of economics and finance. It has been proposed that risk measures could be analysed in relation to the performance of variables extracted from empirical real-world data. For example, risk measures may help inform effective monetary and fiscal policies and, therefore, the further development of pricing models for financial assets such as equities, bonds, currencies, and derivative securities.A Special Issue of “Risk Measures with Applications in Finance and Economics” will be devoted to advancements in the mathematical and statistical development of risk measures with applications in finance and economics. This Special Issue will bring together the theory, practice and real-world applications of risk measures. This book is a collection of papers published in the Special Issue of “Risk Measures with Applications in Finance and Economics” for Sustainability in 2018.

falsified products --- medication --- health risk --- low-income country --- regular vine copulas --- tree structures --- co-dependence modelling --- European stock markets --- carbon emissions --- fossil fuels --- crude oil --- coal --- low carbon targets --- green energy --- spot and futures prices --- Granger causality --- volatility spillovers --- quasi likelihood ratio (QLR) test --- diagonal BEKK --- full BEKK --- dynamic hedging --- socially responsible investment --- multivariate regime-switching --- time-varying correlations --- volatility transmission --- conscientiousness --- openness to experience --- perceived ease of use --- perceived usefulness --- online purchase intention --- dynamic conditional correlation --- generalized autoregressive score functions --- time-varying copula function --- CoVaR --- utility --- credit derivatives --- stochastic volatility --- asymptotic approximation --- risk aversion --- portfolio selection --- need hierarchy theory --- two-level optimization --- variance --- coherent risk measures --- probability of default --- bank risk --- banking regulation --- SYMBOL --- financial stability --- China’s food policy --- sustainable food security system --- japonica rice production --- two-level CES function --- technological progress --- Project Financing --- Mezzanine Financing --- option value --- Monte Carlo Simulations --- probabilistic cash flow --- optimizing financial model --- risks mitigation --- investment profitability --- financial hazard map --- random forests --- early warning system --- bank failure --- B-splines --- inflation forecast --- monthly CPI data --- out-of-sample forecast --- the sudden stop of capital inflow --- financial security --- the optimal scale of foreign exchange reserve --- utility maximization --- finance risk --- liquidity premium --- uncertainty termination --- investment horizon --- Amihud’s illiquidity ratio --- factor models --- diversification --- bank profitability --- bank risk --- dynamic panel --- European banking system --- sustainability of economic recovery --- Bayesian approach --- conjugate prior --- cartel --- leniency program --- policy simulation --- S&P 500 index options --- gain-loss ratio --- risk-neutral distribution --- binomial tree --- risk management --- market timing --- moving averages --- risk-free rate --- returns and volatility --- financial risk --- bankruptcy --- regression model --- sustainable development --- Slovak enterprises --- sentiment analysis --- polarity --- scientific verification --- emotion --- joy --- sadness --- climate change --- GMC --- VIX --- RV5MIN --- causal path --- ANN --- sovereign credit default swap (SCDS) --- emerging market --- markov regime switching --- credit risk --- risk assessment --- risk measures --- IPO underpricing --- financial crisis --- information asymmetry --- financial risks --- business groups --- financial performance --- group-affiliated --- institutional voids --- production frontier function --- stochastic frontier model --- specification testing --- wild bootstrap --- smoothing process --- empirical process --- simulations --- stakeholder theory --- sustainability --- risk --- social efficiency --- banking --- cooperative banks --- Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) --- corporate sustainability --- news release --- stakeholder theory --- stock return volatility --- EGARCH-m --- life insurance --- term life insurance --- whole life insurance --- self-perceived health --- objective health status --- future health risk --- SHARE --- national health system