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This open access book presents work collected through the Liquefaction Experiments and Analysis Projects (LEAP) in 2017. It addresses the repeatability, variability, and sensitivity of lateral spreading observed in twenty-four centrifuge model tests on mildly sloping liquefiable sand. The centrifuge tests were conducted at nine different centrifuge facilities around the world. For the first time, a sufficient number of experiments were conducted to enable assessment of variability of centrifuge test results. The experimental data provided a unique basis for assessing the capabilities of twelve different simulation platforms for numerical simulation of soil liquefaction. The results of the experiments and the numerical simulations are presented and discussed in papers submitted by the project participants. The work presented in this book was followed by LEAP-Asia that included assessment of a generalized scaling law and culminated in a workshop in Osaka, Japan in March 2019. LEAP-2020, ongoing at the time of printing, is addressing the validation of soil-structure interaction analyses of retaining walls involving a liquefiable soil. A workshop is planned at RPI, USA in 2020.

Engineering --- Engineering geology --- Engineering—Geology --- Foundations --- Hydraulics --- Quality control --- Reliability --- Industrial safety --- Geotechnical engineering --- Soil science --- Soil conservation --- Natural disasters

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This open access book is an encyclopaedic analysis of the current and future energy system of the world’s most populous country and second biggest economy. What happens in China impacts the planet. In the past 40 years China has achieved one of the most remarkable economic growth rates in history. Its GDP has risen by a factor of 65, enabling 850,000 people to rise out of poverty. Growth on this scale comes with consequences. China is the world’s biggest consumer of primary energy and the world’s biggest emitter of CO2 emissions. Creating a prosperous and harmonious society that delivers economic growth and a high quality of life for all will require radical change in the energy sector, and a rewiring of the economy more widely. In China’s Energy Revolution in the Context of the Global Energy Transition, a team of researchers from the Development Research Center of the State Council of China and Shell International examine how China can revolutionise its supply and use of energy. They examine the entire energy system: coal, oil, gas, nuclear, renewables and new energies in production, conversion, distribution and consumption. They compare China with case studies and lessons learned in other countries. They ask which technology, policy and market mechanisms are required to support the change and they explore how international cooperation can smooth the way to an energy revolution in China and across the world. And, they create and compare scenarios on possible pathways to a future energy system that is low-carbon, affordable, secure and reliable. ;

Environmental Science and Engineering --- Energy Policy, Economics and Management --- Fossil Fuels (incl. Carbon Capture) --- Economic Geology --- Environmental Sciences --- Fossil Fuel --- Earth Sciences --- Hydrocabron exploration and investment --- Energy policy-making --- Oil and Gas --- China's energy growth --- Climatic consequences --- Energy transition in China --- Global energy governance --- Open Access --- Environmental science, engineering & technology --- Energy technology & engineering --- Energy industries & utilities --- Fossil fuel technologies --- Economic geology

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This book on the sustainable use of soils and water addressed a variety of issues related to the utopian desire for environmental sustainability and the deviations from this scene observed in the real world. Competing interests for land are frequently a factor in land degradation, especially where the adopted land uses do not conform with the land capability (the natural use of soil). The concerns of researchers about these matters are presented in the articles comprising this Special Issue book. Various approaches were used to assess the (im)balance between economic profit and environmental conservation in various regions, in addition to potential routes to bring landscapes back to a sustainable status being disclosed.

land eco-security --- multi-dimension --- cloud model --- set pair theory --- evaluation --- sustainable development --- water resources --- Contemporary Yellow River Delta --- groundwater depth --- temporal stability --- debris flow waste-shoal land --- land use and transformation --- driving forces analysis --- territorial development --- marginal land resources --- groundwater flow field --- scale effects --- discrete wavelet transform --- time series analysis --- multiple stresses --- land use conflicts --- encounters of interests --- landscape as geosystem --- integrative landscape management --- Trnava district --- nitrogen --- agriculture --- Nitrate Vulnerable Zones --- macromodel DNS/SWAT --- rural households’ behaviors --- arable soil --- heavy metal pollution assessment --- Lankao county --- Managed Aquifer --- Recharge --- Groundwater --- Institutions --- Ghana --- comprehensive land carrying capacity --- multi-criterion comprehensive evaluation --- analytic hierarchy process --- standard deviation --- weight --- spatial variation --- Green GDP --- Ecosystem service value --- Gross Domestic Product --- Land Use --- CA-Markov --- Land use change --- temporal-spatial variations --- environmental and economic changes --- arid region --- central Asia --- land use/cover change --- SWAT --- hydrological processes --- sustainable agriculture --- MicroLEIS DSS --- land-use planning --- soil reclamation --- groundwater recharge --- recharge zones --- river basin --- spatialization --- relief --- geology --- forest --- urbanization --- water resource management --- land use policy --- water footprint --- agricultural and livestock products --- Penman–Monteith equation --- evapotranspiration --- climate conditions --- withdrawal of agricultural land --- contributions --- developmental factors --- territorial factors --- legislative factors --- hydrologic modeling --- ungauged catchment --- stream flow downscaling --- karst aquifer --- urban area --- conjunctive water resources management --- recharge --- overexploitation --- geo hazards --- water resources --- soil --- land use change --- conflicts --- environmental degradation --- sustainability