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À partir des croquis et relevés effectués lors de ses séjours en Égypte, au Moyen-Orient, en Italie et en Grèce, Jules Bourgoin a engagé une enquête obstinée, itérative et inquiète visant à pénétrer la syntaxe formelle qui régit l’infinie variété des compositions ornementales, dont témoignent ses nombreuses publications, des Arts arabes (1868-1873) à La Graphique (1905). L’itinéraire de ce dessinateur d’exception, scientifique autodidacte, est restitué depuis ses études comme élève architecte à l’École des beaux-arts jusqu’à la conception, au seuil du XXe siècle, d’un système didactique capable de réduire tout arrangement ornemental à un système de notations abstraites. Les nombreux dessins, notes et manuscrits laissés par Bourgoin permettent d’appréhender sa méthode de travail, la collecte de matériaux étudiés in situ étant complétée par une investigation dans les livres et les musées ou dans les collections d’art extrême-oriental à Paris. Ils documentent également un chantier intellectuel particulièrement ambitieux qui, partant d’une critique radicale des doctrines dominantes prônant l’alliance de l’art et de l’industrie, envisage la fondation d’une discipline spécifique capable d’adosser tant l’analyse que la création dans les arts techniques. Bien que menées par un chercheur relativement solitaire, en marge des institutions académiques et des cercles artistiques, les recherches de Bourgoin n’en éclairent pas moins un vaste horizon de théories et de pratiques qui concernent tant l’étude des arts de l’Islam que les pédagogies du dessin et de la composition. Nourri d’une culture scientifique et philosophique approfondie, de l’épistémologie mathématique à la botanique, de la cristallographie à la linguistique, son projet d’une morphologie pour les arts d’ornement, mal compris en son temps, trouve des résurgences inattendues au siècle suivant. Première monographie consacrée à l’étude de cet œuvre complexe, l’ouvrage offre l’originalité de l’éclairer au prisme de différentes disciplines : historiens de l’art et de l’architecture, spécialistes des arts de l’Islam et de l’Extrême-Orient, égyptologues, mais aussi historiens des sciences croisent leurs analyses sur un corpus graphique et théorique hors du commun.

Orient --- ornement --- histoire de l’architecture --- histoire des sciences --- histoire de l’art --- pédagogie --- dessin --- arts arabes --- beaux-arts

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What do The Age of Innocence, Breakfast at Tiffany’s, and Sex and the City have in common? Strong women ahead of their time! Being part of New York’s middle and upper class, Ellen Olenska, Holly Golightly and Carrie Bradshaw & Co. cherish their otherness and strive for personal freedom and gender equality, thereby trying to combine traditional longings and modern beliefs. However, though situated in different decades of the last century, several obstacles are put in their ways because of their independent and self-confident lifestyles which, eventually, cannot all be overcome. From True Womanhood to the “feminine mystique” to the vast array of new gained liberties and life choices at the end of the last millennium, Janina Corda examines the developing images of women and their depiction in the literature and culture of America’s 20th century.

Arts --- Women in Art --- Gender Equality --- 20th Century --- American Literature and Culture --- Gender Roles --- Cinema

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What happens when the functional principle of the human ear is translated into the field of nanotechnology, a map depicting epistemological architecture is sketched as a lecture performance, or when researchers from over 25 disciplines critically engage with structures and models? Which new discoveries are brought about through the collaboration between biomorphology and art history, media studies and medicine? And what can the Gestaltung disciplines of design and architecture contribute to this foundational research? This volume gathers together essays from the Cluster of Excellence Image Knowledge Gestaltung, and, through its focus on the these three eponymous keywords, sheds light on the productivity of these diverse research approaches: from methodological transfers between the individual participating disciplines through to the interdisciplinary drafting of new structures of knowledge and research.

interdisciplinarity --- wissenschaft --- fine arts --- gestaltung --- bild --- wissenschaftsforschung --- science studies --- design --- science --- visual studies --- bildwissenschaft --- knowledge --- interdisziplinarität --- image --- kunstwissenschaft --- life sciences --- wissen --- shaping

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Fighting Nature is an insightful analysis of the historical legacy of 19th century colonialism, war, animal acquisition and transportation. This legacy of entrenched beliefs about the human right to exploit other animal species is yet to be defeated. Throughout the 19th century animals were integrated into staged scenarios of confrontation, ranging from lion acts in small cages to large-scale re-enactments of war. Initially presenting a handful of exotic animals, travelling menageries grew to contain multiple species in their thousands. These 19th-century menageries entrenched beliefs about the human right to exploit nature through war-like practices against other animal species. Animal shows became a stimulus for antisocial behaviour as locals taunted animals, caused fights, and even turned into violent mobs. Human societal problems were difficult to separate from issues of cruelty to animals.

History --- 19th century --- animal rights --- animal spectacles --- animal welfare --- animals and society --- animals and civilisation --- animals in the performing arts --- circus --- exotic animals --- human–animal relationships --- modern history