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The book is a compilation of the most important experimental results achieved during the past 60 years at CERN - from the mid-1950s to the latest discovery of the Higgs particle. Covering the results from the early accelerators at CERN to those most recent at the LHC, the contents provide an excellent review of the achievements of this outstanding laboratory. Not only presented is the impressive scientific progress achieved during the past six decades, but also demonstrated is the special way in which successful international collaboration exists at CERN.Contents:Foreword (R-D Heuer)Preface (L Di Lella and H Schopper)The Discovery of the Higgs Boson at the LHC (P Jenni and T S Virdee)Precision Physics with Heavy-Flavoured Hadrons (P Koppenburg and V Vagnoni)Toward the Limits of Matter: Ultra-relativistic Nuclear Collisions at CERN (J Schukraft and R Stock)The Measurement of the Number of Light Neutrino Species at LEP (S Mele)Precision Experiments at LEP (W de Boer)The Discovery of the W and Z Particles (L Di Lella and C Rubbia)The Discovery of Weak Neutral Currents (D Haidt)Highlights from High Energy Neutrino Experiments at CERN (W-D Schlatter)The Discovery of Direct CP Violation (L Iconomidou-Fayard and D Fournier)Measurements of Discrete Symmetries in the Neutral Kaon System with the CPLEAR (PS195) Experiment (T Ruf)An ISR Discovery: The Rise of the Proton–Proton Cross-Section (U Amaldi)Deep Inelastic Scattering with the SPS Muon Beam (G K Mallot and R Voss)Revealing Partons in Hadrons: From the ISR to the SPS Collider (P Darriulat and L Di Lella)Properties of Antiprotons and Antihydrogen, and the Study of Exotic Atoms (M Doser)Muon g–2 and Tests of Relativity (F J M Farley)The Discoveries of Rare Pion Decays at the CERN Synchrocyclotron (G Fidecaro)Highlights at ISOLDE (K Blaum, M J G Borge, B Jonson and P Van Duppen)Readership: Graduate students and researchers in elementary particle physics, and historians of science.
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This advanced textbook and reference is the first comprehensive and systematic review of all methods used for the measurement, correction, and control of the beam dynamics of modern particle accelerators. Based on material presented in several lectures at the US Particle Accelerator School, the text is intended for graduate students starting research or work in the field of beam physics. Relativistic beams in linear accelerators and storage rings provide the focus. After a review of linear optics, the text addresses basic and advanced techniques for beam control, plus a variety of methods for the manipulation of particle-beam properties. In each case, specific procedures are illustrated by examples from operational accelerators, e.g., CERN, DESY, SLAC, KEK, LBNL, and FNAL. The book also treats special topics such as injection and extraction methods, beam cooling, spin transport, and polarization. Problems and solutions enhance the book’s usefulness in graduate courses.
Physics --- Physics --- CERN --- DESY --- Particle accelerator --- Storage ring --- control --- measurement
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This book is written by the ATLAS Collaboration at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC), to document and reflect on its more than 25 years of history. It covers all aspects of this global science project at the forefront of particle physics. The historical part recalls first the early stages of discussions in the community leading to the formation of the collaboration in 1992. In a unique approach, the second part documents the evolution from early detector concepts to the final instrument, covering the technical, financial and human aspects. This includes the phases of construction of detector components in the various institutes around the world as well as their installation and commissioning in the underground cavern at CERN.An important part is devoted to the operation of the whole experiment. The book highlights the capabilities and physics accomplishments so far, including the Higgs boson discovery (jointly announced with CMS). It features the various aspects of a broad spectrum of activities needed to arrive at the physics results. The book includes also an outlook to the detector upgrade activities preparing the experiment for the high-luminosity LHC phase of the next decades. Last but not least, it reveals the human aspects of the large ATLAS community working together pursuing common physics goals.The book is aimed at a broad readership with interest in large science projects and their history, as well as in the human endeavour of a worldwide collaboration.
Large Hadron Collider --- LHC --- ATLAS --- CERN --- Particle Physics --- Accelerator --- Higgs Boson --- Scientific Collaboration --- Detector Technologies
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The main topic of this book is the determination of the potential to discover the Higgs boson at the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the LHC in a certain decay channel. The production mode under investigation is the associated production with top quarks and the subsequent decay into b-quarks. The search for the decay into b-quarks is of special interest, because it has the highest branching ratio in the mass region shortly above the exclusion limit of 114.4 GeV. In addition, this channel facilitates measurements of Higgs coupling properties.
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This open access book presents case studies of twelve organisations which the public have come to view as institutions. From the BBC to Doctors Without Borders, from the Amsterdam Concertgebouw Orchestra to CERN, this volume examines how some organisations rise to prominence and remain in high public esteem through changing and challenging times. It builds upon the scholarly tradition of institutional scholarship pioneered by Philip Selznick, and highlights common themes in the stories of these highly diverse organizations; demonstrating how leadership, learning, and luck all play a role in becoming and remaining an institution. This case study format makes this volume ideal for classroom use and practitioners alike. In an era where public institutions are increasingly under threat, this volume offers concrete lessons for contemporary organisation leaders.
Public Policy --- Public Administration --- Administration, Organization and Leadership --- Organization and Leadership --- Public Organizations --- Public Value --- Open Access --- Leadership --- Institutional Reform --- International Organizations --- Institutional Adaptation --- Institution-building --- Election Commission of India --- Corrupt Practices Investigations Bureau (CPIB) --- British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) --- The Riksbank --- The European Court of Justice (ECJ) --- The Amsterdam Concertgebouw Orchestra --- WADA --- The European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) --- Rijkswaterstaat --- Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF --- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) --- Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) --- Educational administration & organization
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Libraries are places of learning and knowledge creation. Over the last two decades, digital technology—and the changes that came with it—have accelerated this transformation to a point where evolution starts to become a revolution.The wider Open Science movement, and Open Access in particular, is one of these changes and is already having a profound impact. Under the subscription model, the role of libraries was to buy or license content on behalf of their users and then act as gatekeepers to regulate access on behalf of rights holders. In a world where all research is open, the role of the library is shifting from licensing and disseminating to facilitating and supporting the publishing process itself.This requires a fundamental shift in terms of structures, tasks, and skills. It also changes the idea of a library’s collection. Under the subscription model, contemporary collections largely equal content bought from publishers. Under an open model, the collection is more likely to be the content created by the users of the library (researchers, staff, students, etc.), content that is now curated by the library.Instead of selecting external content, libraries have to understand the content created by their own users and help them to make it publicly available—be it through a local repository, payment of article processing charges, or through advice and guidance. Arguably, this is an overly simplified model that leaves aside special collections and other areas. Even so, it highlights the changes that research libraries are undergoing, changes that are likely to accelerate as a result of initiatives such as Plan S.This Special Issue investigates some of the changes in today’s library services that relate to open access.
research libraries --- open science --- research support services --- open access --- publishing --- library --- journals --- monographs --- scholarly communications --- social media --- CERN --- journal flipping --- gold open access --- particle physics --- SCOAP3 --- open access --- staff --- library --- research support --- scholarly communication --- open access --- APC --- workflow --- journal subscription --- offsetting --- publication fee --- monitoring --- transition --- open access --- repositories --- library-mediated deposit --- researcher engagement --- open access --- scholarly communication --- repositories --- compliance --- REF 2021 --- Research Excellence Framework --- research information systems --- UK funder policies --- open access --- information services --- training --- publishing literacy --- marketing --- open science --- open access --- service portfolio --- publishing --- repositories --- research information --- Open Access --- vocational education and training research --- social sciences --- humanities --- sociology of science
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