Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Terrestrial plants are sessile organisms that, differently from animals, can not move in searching of the nutrients and water they need. Instead, they have to change continuously their physiology and morphology to adapt to the environmental changes. When plants suffer from a nutrient deficiency, they develop physiological and morphological responses (mainly in their roots) aimed to facilitate the acquisition and mobilization of such a nutrient. Physiological responses include some ones like acidification of the rizhosphere and release of chelating agents into the medium; and morphological responses include others, like changes in root architecture and development of root hairs. The regulation of these responses is not totally known but in the last years different plant hormones and signaling substances, such as auxin, ethylene, cytokinins and nitric oxide, have been involved in their control. Besides hormones, oxidative stress has also been related with most of the nutrient deficiencies. The relationship of ethylene with the regulation of responses to nutrient deficiencies came from the nineties, when some works presented data suggesting its involvement in the regulation of responses to Fe and P deficiency. In the last years, the role of ethylene has been extended to many other nutrient deficiencies, such as K deficiency, Mg deficiency, S deficiency, N deficiency, and others. In most of the cases, it has been found that ethylene production, as well as the expression of ethylene synthesis genes, increases under these nutrient deficiencies. Furthermore, it has also been found that ethylene controls the expression of genes related to responses to different deficiencies. The involvement of ethylene in so many deficiencies suggests that it should act in conjunction with other signals that would confer nutrient-specificity to the distinct nutrient responses. These other signals could be plant hormones (auxin, cytokinins, etc) as well as other substances (nitric oxide, microRNAs, peptides, glutathione, etc), either originated in the roots or coming from the shoots through the phloem. The role of ethylene in the mineral nutrition of plants is even more complex that the one related to its role in the responses to nutrient deficiencies. Ethylene has also been implicated in the N2 fixation of legume plants; in salt tolerance responses; and in responses to heavy metals, such as Cd toxicity. All these processes are related to ion uptake and, consequently, are related to plant mineral nutrition. We consider a good opportunity to review all this information in a coordinated way. This Research Topic will provide an overview about the role of the plant hormone ethylene on the regulation of physiological and morphological responses to different nutrient deficiencies. In addition, it will cover other aspects of ethylene related to plant nutrition such as its role on salinity, N2 fixation and tolerance to heavy metals.

Boron --- ethylene --- heavy metals --- Iron --- Nitrogen --- nodulation --- Phosphate --- Potassium --- Salinity --- Sulfur

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book focus principally on ions-releasing and other smart dental materials for application in preventive and restorative dentistry, as well as in endodontics in the form of adhesives, resin-based composites, pastes, varnishes, liners and dental cements. Special attention has been given to bioactive materials developed to induce cells differentiation/stimulation, hard tissue formation and exert antimicrobial actions. New innovations are necessary to continue to help reinforcing existing technologies and to introduce new paradigms for treating dental disease and restoring teeth seriously compromised by caries lesions via biomimetic and more biological operative approaches. Dental bioactive materials is arguably the latest research area in dentistry and thus the amount of new research is overwhelming. However, in this day and age of evidence based practice it important for this new information to be distilled into a practical and understandable format.

orthodontic resin --- photocatalyst TiO2 --- antibacterial --- cariogenic --- early colonizer --- hydrophilic properties --- irradiation --- calcium silicate cements --- pulpal response --- mineralization --- calcific barrier --- inflammation --- odontoblastic layer --- resin cements --- shrinkage stress --- water sorption --- hydroscopic expansion --- photoelastic investigation --- antibacterial --- calcium --- doxycycline --- nanoparticles --- zinc --- dental composites --- antibacterial properties --- silver --- mechanical properties --- degree of conversion --- sorption --- solubility --- color stability --- mechanical properties --- nanotubes --- resin composite --- Streptococcus mutans --- triclosan --- bleaching products --- diffusion --- cytotoxicity --- dental pulp --- stem cells --- nanoporous silica --- glass-ionomer cement --- calcium --- preclinical biosafety --- bone substitute --- mesenchymal stem cells --- ?-tricalcium phosphate --- tissue engineering --- dental sealant --- resin sealant --- calcium phosphate nanoparticles --- long-term ion release --- remineralization --- ion recharge --- dentin --- desmineralization --- microtensile bond strength --- adhesion --- bioactive --- cycling mechanical stress --- dentine --- longevity --- resin-modified glass ionomer cements --- polyacrylic acid treatment --- bone regeneration --- ?-tricalcium phosphate --- calcium sulfate --- bone substitutes --- animal study --- n/a --- adhesion --- cycling mechanical stress --- dentine --- longevity --- glass-ionomer cements --- universal adhesives

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Advanced Glasses, Composites and Ceramics for High-Growth Industries (CoACH) was a European Training Network (ETN) project (http://www.coach-etn.eu/) funded by the Horizon 2020 program. CoACH involved multiple actors in the innovation ecosystem for advanced materials, composed of five universities and ten enterprises in seven different European countries. The project studied the next generation of materials that could bring innovation in the healthcare, construction, and energy sectors, among others, from new bioactive glasses for bone implants to eco-friendly cements and new environmentally friendly thermoelectrics for energy conversion. The novel materials developed in the CoACH project pave the way for innovative products, improved cost competitiveness, and positive environmental impact. The present Special Issue contains 14 papers resulting from the CoACH project, showcasing the breadth of materials and processes developed during the project.

graphitization --- wood-derived biocarbon --- thermal conductivity --- Thermoelectrics --- GeTe --- Al-doping --- Ba-doping --- loss of band convergence --- lowered zT --- geopolymer composite --- wastes incorporation --- cellulose fibers --- cellulose modification --- solid-liquid interdiffusion (SLID) bonding --- transient-liquid phase bonding (TLPB) --- skutterudite --- high-temperature thermoelectric material --- joining --- glass recycling --- alkali activation --- gel casting --- glass foams --- phosphate glass --- oxyfluoride phosphate glass --- Er2O3-doped particles --- direct particle doping --- Er3+ luminescence property --- glass–ceramic --- shear strength --- elastic modulus --- SOFC --- SOEC --- SOC --- mechanical strength --- flexural biaxial test --- ball-on-3-balls test --- fractography --- residual stresses --- evanescent wave optical fiber sensors --- diffusion --- glass fiber-reinforced polymers --- testing and aging --- Zinc --- silver-doped mesoporous glass --- chitosan --- PCL --- Vicryl Plus suture --- dip coating --- polydopamine --- silver --- antibacterial --- biocompatibility --- bioactive glass-ceramic --- coatings --- Thermoelectrics --- oxidation resistance --- hybrid-coating --- alkali activation --- inorganic gel casting --- glass–ceramic foams --- waste glass --- fly ash --- PMCs --- GFRPs --- seawater exposure --- diffusion --- ageing --- accelerated testing --- gravimetric --- DMA

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The peroxiredoxin family was discovered approximately 30 years ago and is now recognized as one of the most important families of enzymes related to antioxidant defense and cellular signaling. Peroxiredoxin 6 shares the basic enzymatic functions that characterize this family, but also exhibits several unique and crucial activities. These include the ability to reduce phospholipid hydroperoxides, phospholipase A2 activity, and an acyl transferase activity that is important in phospholipid remodeling. This book describes the available models for investigating the unique functions of PRDX6 and its role in normal physiological function, as well its roles in the pathophysiology of diseases including cancer, diseases of the eye, and male fertility.

glutathione peroxidase --- phospholipase A2 --- inflammation --- lipid peroxidation --- NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase --- phospholipid hydroperoxide --- spermatozoa --- oxidative stress --- reactive oxygen species --- fertilization --- sperm capacitation --- Prdx6 --- cornea --- Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy --- lipid peroxidation --- mitochondrial membrane potential --- peroxiredoxin 6 --- surfactant protein A --- phospholipase A2 --- drug delivery --- liposomes --- substrate binding --- sulfinic acid --- Prdx6 structure --- mass spectroscopic analysis --- peroxiredoxin 6 --- ionizing radiation --- radioprotection --- antioxidant activity --- peroxidatic cysteine --- thioredoxin fold --- sulfonic/sulfinic acid --- phospholipase A2 activity --- reactive oxygen species --- Peroxiredoxin --- Prdx6 --- PLA2 activity --- 1-Cys Prdx --- phospholipase A2 --- glutathione peroxidase --- reactive oxygen species --- redox balance --- endothelium --- inflammation --- diabetes --- peroxidase --- phospholipase A2 --- lipid peroxidation --- phospholipid hydroperoxide --- knockout mouse --- knock-in mouse --- membrane repair --- n/a

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Photoactivity represents the ability of a material, generally speaking a semiconductor, to become active when interacting with light. It can be declined in many ways, and several functionalities arising from this behavior of materials can be exploited, all leading to positive repercussions on our environment. There are several classes of effects of photoactivity, all of which have been deeply investigated in the last few decades, allowing to develop more and more efficient materials and devices. All of them share a common point, that is, the interaction of a material with light, although many different materials are taken into account depending on the effect desired—from elemental semiconductors like silicon, to more complex compounds like CdTe or GaAs, to metal oxides like TiO2 and ZnO. Given the broadness of the field, a huge number of works fall within this topic, and new areas of discovery are constantly explored. The special issue “Novel Photoactive Materials” has been proposed as a means to present recent developments in the field, and for this reason the articles included touch different aspects of photoactivity, from photocatalysis to photovoltaics to light emitting materials.

organometal --- crystallinity --- surfactant --- confocal microscope --- nanostructured materials --- titanium dioxide --- anodizing --- photocatalysis --- toluene --- rhodamine B --- hydrothermal synthesis --- silver phosphate --- degradation --- low power white-light LED irradiation --- broadband spectra --- photocatalysis --- Fe/N-TiO2 --- sol-gel --- hydrothermal --- photocatalytic --- visible-light --- electron transport material --- titanium oxide --- charge dynamics --- metal-halides perovskites --- advanced oxidation processes --- bio-based substances --- hybrid nanomaterials --- magnetic materials --- photo Fenton --- caffeine --- perovskite solar cell --- DFT calculations --- mechanical property --- CH3 --- titanium(IV) oxo-clusters --- photoactivity --- band gap modification --- photoluminescence --- DFT calculations --- composite materials --- ZnO --- photo-oxidation --- 4-chlorophenol --- CuxO-ZnO catalyst --- photodeposition --- TiO2 nanoparticles --- alkylalkoxysilane --- stone protection --- water-repellency --- photocatalysis --- UV ageing --- artificial rain --- photo-oxidative degradation --- durability --- photocatalysis --- photovoltaics --- organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) --- TiO2 --- ZnO --- density functional theory (DFT)