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Inequity starts before birth and is programmed in part by nutritional exposures. If these exposures occur around the time of conception, during pregnancy, and/or in infancy or childhood (all critical periods of development) they may alter a child’s health trajectory and impact risk for impaired cognition and learning, and cardiometabolic, immune, and neuropsychiatric diseases and disorders. This Special Issue on “Early Life Nutrition and Future Health” has the following aims: 1) understand the origins of offspring health inequities from an early nutritional perspective; 2) uncover new insights into the environmental, biological, and social mechanisms that underpin these health outcomes in offspring; and 3) present novel targets and approaches to optimise health trajectories and prevent chronic diseases and disorders in later life and across generations. The research projects included herein highlight novel mechanistic, epidemiologic, and intervention studies that target key windows where nutrition has the greatest influence on future health (preconception, prenatal, and postnatal periods) and that explore vulnerable populations and animal models of early life nutritional programming.
reduced litter size --- postnatal calcium homeostasis --- adult bone health --- milk composition --- developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) --- gut microbiota --- non-communicable disease --- nutrient-sensing signal --- nutrition --- oxidative stress --- pregnancy --- reprogramming --- undernutrition --- abdominal obesity --- fetal --- infant --- adulthood --- folic acid supplementation --- pregnancy --- epidemiology --- social inequalities --- short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) --- pH --- dietary fibre --- gut health --- prebiotic --- malnutrition --- gut barrier --- development --- pregnancy --- prebiotic --- gut-brain --- programming --- microbiota --- L-cell --- eating behavior --- pregnancy --- postpartum --- dietary intake --- energy intake --- supplements --- dietary reference intakes (DRIs) --- diet quality --- Healthy Eating Index --- sugars --- fruit juices --- life-course epidemiology --- infant --- child --- human milk --- human milk oligosaccharides --- phospholipids --- sphingomyelin --- gangliosides --- LC–MS
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Food insecurity is a complex ‘wicked’ problem that results from a range of unstable and uncertain physical, social, cultural and economic factors that limits access to nutritious food. Globally, 800 million people are under-nourished, and around 2 billion are overweight/obese or have micronutrient deficiency. These populations are largely positioned in developing countries where disease burden is high and impacts health budgets and productivity. Similarly developed countries, cities and neighbourhoods are experiencing a greater emergence of vulnerable populations. This is in part explained by the change in the food production and manufacturing, the retraction in economic climates, the increase in food price, and in some regions reduced food availability and access.Vulnerable groups include but are not limited to migrant populations, Indigenous people, elderly, pregnant women, those with disability, homeless, young children and youth. Poor nutrition at significant periods of growth and development and during life impact long term health outcomes increasing non-communicable disease prevalence, health cost and reducing economic productivity.
breastfeeding --- feeding practices --- infant feeding --- nutrition --- malnutrition --- pediatrics --- primary health care --- low-income population --- popular restaurant --- lunch --- energy density --- nutrition --- food security --- HFIAS --- double burden of malnutrition --- child stunting --- Indonesia --- emergency food assistance --- food pantry --- food insecurity --- dietary patterns --- dietary quality --- nutrition --- knowledge --- refugees --- children --- school intervention --- Lebanon --- rural populations --- food assistance --- low-income --- vulnerable groups --- food poverty --- food insecurity --- food literacy --- public health --- socioeconomics --- Obesity --- metabolic syndrome --- refugee --- women --- Palestine --- consumption of fruits and vegetables --- low-income undergraduate students --- Student Assistance Program --- adiposity markers --- obesity --- fat mass --- abdominal obesity --- adolescent health --- school performance --- Orang Asli --- food insecurity --- Malaysia --- challenges --- in-depth interview --- fruit and vegetables --- rural children --- Social Cognitive Theory --- undernutrition --- food security --- nutrition security --- village chickens --- livestock --- animal-source food --- Tanzania --- sub-Saharan Africa --- resource-poor settings --- children --- welfare home --- body image --- obesity --- BMI-for-age --- food security --- self-esteem --- self-efficacy --- food security --- public health --- place-based --- co-design --- vulnerable groups --- food poverty --- food insecurity --- food literacy --- public health --- charitable food sector --- food insecurity --- food literacy --- nutrition education --- training --- tertiary education --- n/a
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