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Marine organisms are a well-known source of lipids with high nutritional value, such as n-3 fatty acids (e.g., 20:5 and 22:6), but also possess bioactive properties (e.g., polar lipids as glycolipids and phospholipids). Polar lipids are considered high added value bioactive molecules with health promoting effects, and with potential applications in food, feed, and pharmaceutical industries. Although some polar lipids of marine organisms are known to have functional properties (e.g., anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, antioxidant and antimicrobial), the potential of these molecules is yet to be fully unravelled, as the lipidome of the majority of marine organisms remains largely unknown. Different marine organisms, even when closely related in the tree of life, display specific lipidome signatures, which are representative of the remarkable chemical biodiversity present in world oceans. Lipid composition can also change due to environmental and nutritional conditions. If one considers that each marine organism contains thousands of structurally and functionally diverse lipids, it is clear that the characterization of their lipidome is a challenging task. Nonetheless, in recent years, advanced analytical approaches coupling chromatography and mass spectrometry have emerged as powerful tools in lipidomic analysis. The resolution and high throughput analysis achieved with these analytical approaches has allowed researchers to identify and quantify the lipid species present on the cells and tissues of a diversity of marine organisms, opening new perspectives in the identification of lipid signatures for their valorisation and biotechnological applications.

lipids --- lipidomics --- glycolipids --- phospholipids --- oxylipins --- fatty acids --- marine organisms --- bioactivity

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Obesity and related co-morbidities are increasing worldwide and pose a serious health problem. Changes in lifestyle and diet would be the best remedies to fight obesity; however, many people will still rely on medical aid. Marine organisms have been prolific in the production of bioactive compounds for many diseases, e.g., cancer, and promise to be an excellent source for natural-derived molecules and novel nutraceuticals. Bioactive compounds with beneficial activities towards obesity have been described from diverse marine organism including marine algae, bacteria, sponges, fungi, crustaceans or fish. This Special Issue will highlight the progress in the following topics: Bioactive compounds for the treatment of obesity and obesity-related co-morbidities (diabetes, fatty liver, hyperlipidemia) from marine organisms; the isolation of novel compounds, the bioactivity screening of marine organisms and the elucidation of molecular mode of action of marine bioactive compounds.

3T3-L1 cells --- fucan --- lipolytic --- obesity --- brown seaweed --- chitosan oligosaccharide --- obesity --- leptin --- JAK2-STAT3 --- adipogenesis --- collagen peptide --- skate skin --- high fat diet --- fatty acid metabolism --- cholesterol metabolism --- chitosan oligosaccharide --- glucolipid metabolism disorder --- high-fat diet --- inflammation --- peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma --- cellularity --- adipocyte --- obesity --- nutrition --- fat --- proliferation --- white adipose tissue --- adipogenesis --- antiobesity --- adipocytes --- diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) --- Skate skin --- Raja kenojei --- collagen --- body fat --- obesity --- Ishige okamurae --- marine alga --- obesity --- diabetes --- nutraceuticals --- zebrafish Nile red fat metabolism assay --- anti-obesity drugs --- chlorophyll derivatives --- murine pre-adipocytes --- PPAR? --- Arthrospira maxima --- dyslipidemia --- physical exercise --- obesity --- double-blind --- randomized controlled trial --- anti-obesity drugs --- metabolite profiling --- zebrafish Nile red fat metabolism assay --- uncoupling protein 1 --- bioactivity screening --- diabetes --- fatty liver disease --- cyanobacteria --- thermal proteome profiling --- mechanisms of action --- bioactive compound --- label-free quantitative proteomics --- marine biodiscovery --- marine sponges --- natural compounds --- bisabolane-related compounds --- bioactivity --- obesity --- whole small animal models

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Glycans (carbohydrate chains) of marine creatures are rich and diverse in polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids. The chains that are metabolized by glycan-related enzymes (glycosyltransferases and glycosidases) are recognized by glycan-binding proteins (lectins) which regulate cellular processes such as growth, differentiation, and death. Marine glycomics that involves the genome and transcriptome accelerates our understanding of the evolution of glycans, glycan-related enzymes, and lectins. From 2017 to 2019, the Special Issue “Marine Glycobiology, Glycomics and Lectins” of the journal Marine Drugs published scientific articles and reviews, on the background of “glycobiology”—that is, glycan-based biosciences. The aim was to promote the discovery of novel biomolecules that contribute to drug development and clinical studies. This has great potential for establishing connections between the fields of both human health and marine life sciences.This book contains 11 scientific papers representing current topics in comprehensive glycosciences related to therapeutic agents from marine natural products, as outlined.

HddSBL --- oncolytic vaccinia virus --- glioblastoma --- adverse effects --- TTL --- oncolytic vaccinia virus --- viral replication --- ERK --- ?-galactosidase --- recombinant --- thermostable --- transglycosylation --- galactooligosaccharides --- Marinomonas --- Pattalus mollis --- fucosylated glycosaminoglycan --- fucan sulfate --- physicochemical characteristics --- anticoagulant activities --- Alzheimer’s disease --- amyloid-? --- BACE1 --- ?-secretase --- glycosaminoglycan --- heparan sulphate --- heparin --- Portunus pelagicus --- nematocyst discharge process --- theoretical model --- polysialic acid (polySia) --- nematogalectin --- nanomedical devices --- fucoidan --- therapeutic effects --- bioactivity --- anti-viral --- apoptosis-related genes --- Ehrlich ascites carcinoma --- toxicity --- lectin --- MytiLec-1 --- Mytilus galloprovincialis --- malignant glioma --- oligo-fucoidan --- differentiation induction --- epigenetic modification --- DNA methyltransferases --- Fucus distichus subsp. evanescens --- fucoidan --- retinal pigment epithelium --- VEGF --- oxidative stress --- phagocytosis --- innate immunity --- lectins --- complement system --- C1q --- bivalve mollusks --- tandem duplication --- pattern recognition receptors

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Natural products and the preparations based on them play a stable and ever-increasing role in human and veterinary medicine, agriculture, in food and the cosmetic industry, and in an increasing number of other fields. Their importance is based on the fact that they are mostly bound to renewable sources, which in fact makes them valuable within a circular economy, inter alia. At the same time, natural products provide the origin of stereochemistry, optical activity, regioselectivity, chirality, and many other concepts and directions within science, development, and industry in a scope, which is indispensable. They serve as a constant powerful stimulus and model that inspires researchers to create new effective tools, similar to natural ones, for controlling bioregulation mechanisms and solving practical problems. This was the reason for organizing this Special Issue aimed at underlining the current developments in all the fields connected to natural products.

insect sex pheromone --- tea tussock moth --- total synthesis --- resource chemistry --- phycocyanin --- biosynthesis --- antioxidant --- Spirulina --- gene expression --- apo-CpcB --- Plantago depressa --- octadecanoid --- fatty acid --- natural enantiomer --- anti-inflammation --- soy protein isolate --- bromelain --- triglycidylamine --- viscosity --- water resistance --- adhesive --- Ramulus mori --- polysaccharides --- bioactivity --- synthesis of natural products --- varioxiranol A --- 4-epi-varioxiranol A --- absolute structure --- Emericella variecolor --- caffeoylquinic acids --- chlorogenic acid --- derivatives --- lipid-lowering effects --- oleic acid-elicited --- HepG2 cells --- isosorbide --- reversible urethane linkages --- cell opening --- antioxidant activity --- radical scavenger --- flexible polyurethane foam --- tomato --- SlCOMT1 --- melatonin --- genetical transformation --- salt stress --- natural product --- RiPP --- ribosomally synthesized --- post-translationally modified peptides --- rheumatoid arthritis --- natural products --- polyphenol --- flavonoids --- phenolic acid --- stilbene --- ginkgolide --- platelet-activating factor receptor --- inhibitor --- pinocembrin --- microbial biosynthesis --- pharmacological activities --- pharmacokinetic features --- research progress --- triterpenoids --- bardoxolone methyl --- anticancer drug --- mitochondria --- apoptosis --- cancer cells --- cytotoxicity --- flow cytometry --- live-cell fluorescence microscopy --- PEGylated purpurin 18 --- photodynamic therapy --- photosensitizer --- phototoxicity --- singlet oxygen --- n/a

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Lignans are a class of natural products found mainly in plants. They have a wide variety of structures and exhibit a range of potent biological activities. Lignans are also well-known components of a number of widely eaten foods and are frequently studied for their dietary impact. Owing to these factors, lignans have been extensively studied by scientists from a large number of disciplines. This collection of research and review articles describes topics ranging in scope from the recent isolation and structural elucidation of new lignans, strategies towards the chemical synthesis of lignans, assessment of their biological activities and potential for further therapeutic development. Research showing the impact of lignans in the food and agricultural industries is also presented.

lignans --- chemometrics --- neolignans --- flavonolignans --- chemical space --- drug-like --- Lespedeza cuneata --- lignan glycoside --- flavonoid glycoside --- cytotoxicity --- adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation --- Bursera --- Burseraceae --- lignans --- lignan --- molecular dynamics --- intermolecular interactions --- graph theory --- lignans --- heilaohu --- tujia ethnomedicine --- chemical characterization --- cytotoxicity --- antioxidant --- cultivar --- environment --- flax --- flavonol --- genetic --- hydroxycinnamic acid --- lignan --- seed --- aryldihydronaphthalene lignan --- arylnaphthalene lignan --- oxidation --- synthesis --- lignans --- dibenzyl butyrolactones --- anti-proliferative --- acyl-Claisen --- stereoselective synthesis --- Schisandra rubriflora --- Schisandra chinensis --- red-flowered Chinese magnolia vine --- Chinese magnolia vine --- lignans --- phytochemical analysis --- UHPLC-MS/MS --- anti-inflammatory activity --- LOX --- COX --- sPLA2 --- lignans --- neolignans --- Lauraceae --- chemical components --- chemical structures --- dietary lignans --- national databases --- food groups --- dietary intake --- harmonized databases --- lignans --- in silico studies --- podophyllotoxin --- antibacterial activity --- acetylcholinesterase inhibitors --- antioxidant activity --- cytotoxicity --- natural products --- total synthesis --- lignan --- Bursera fagaroides --- podophyllotoxin-type lignans --- cell cycle --- cell migration --- epiboly --- microtubules --- F-actin --- cancer --- lignans --- animal health --- cattle --- enterolignan --- human health --- pharmacokinetic --- ruminant --- secoisolariciresinol diglucoside --- Lignan --- bitterness --- taste-active compound --- quantification --- oak ageing --- lignans --- norlignans --- 9-norlignans --- semisynthesis --- hydroxymatairesinol --- bioactivity --- lignans --- oxidation --- lignans --- diet --- antioxidants --- health promotion --- chronic diseases --- Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus --- wild --- cultivated --- multiple bioactive components --- simultaneous quantitation