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This Special Issue has been introduced with the aim of offering the possibility to publish new research results from old and new pioneers in the field of bladder cancer basic research. While editing this Special Issue we learned that an enormous enthusiasm is necessary to go on in bladder cancer research. In our eyes, bladder cancer is on one hand a very heterogenous malignancy, which is what makes it so difficult to focus on only one bladder cancer marker in bladder cancer diagnostics and follow-up. On the other hand, it is very important to find prognostic and predictive factors for bladder cancer due to its high incidence and its enormous costs, as one of the most expensive malignancies in the world. Finding and developing new bladder cancer markers is still a very dynamic field. Because there are many of these markers, it is impossible to report all of them. This Special Issue attempts to highlight the role of bladder cancer markers in diagnosis, and the most important biomarkers that have been recently studied and reported. This Special Issue highlights some of the most important markers. Further determination of recurrence and progression markers will contribute to establishing better treatments for individual patients. Molecular staging of urological tumors will allow the selection of cases that will require systemic treatment. It is necessary and important to integrate basic and clinical research under the same objectives.

Bladder cancer --- diagnostics --- tumor markers --- molecular biology

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The metabolomics approach, defined as the study of all endogenously-produced low-molecular-weight compounds, appeared as a promising strategy to define new cancer biomarkers. Information obtained from metabolomic data can help to highlight disrupted cellular pathways and, consequently, contribute to the development of new-targeted therapies and the optimization of therapeutics. Therefore, metabolomic research may be more clinically translatable than other omics approaches, since metabolites are closely related to the phenotype and the metabolome is sensitive to many factors. Metabolomics seems promising to identify key metabolic pathways characterizing features of pathological and physiological states. Thus, knowing that tumor metabolism markedly differs from the metabolism of normal cells, the use of metabolomics is ideally suited for biomarker research. Some works have already focused on the application of metabolomic approaches to different cancers, namely lung, breast and liver, using urine, exhaled breath and blood. In this Special Issue we contribute to a more complete understanding of cancer disease using metabolomics approaches.

senescence MCF7 --- MDA-MB-231 --- metabolomics --- isotope tracing analysis --- gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) --- Kidrolase --- Erwinaze --- asparaginase --- glutaminase --- pharmacodynamics --- targeted metabolomics --- bladder cancer --- cancer progression --- in vitro --- metabolomic signatures --- endometabolome --- GC-MS --- metabolic pathways --- NMR --- HR MAS --- breast cancer --- metabolomics --- acylcarnitines --- hepatocellular carcinoma --- metabolite profiling --- metabolomics --- metabolomics --- metabolism --- prostate cancer --- biomarker --- early diagnosis --- prognosis --- cancer --- mTOR --- vitamin E --- SLC1A5 --- tocotrienols --- apoptosis --- cell growth --- cell transporters --- essential amino acids --- ASCT2 --- glutaminolysis --- alanine --- glutathione --- glutamate --- lung --- bio actives --- nutraceuticals --- volatile organic compound --- lung cancer --- breath analysis --- in vitro study --- biomarker --- breast cancer --- omics --- analytical platforms --- chemometric methods