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Zentrales Thema des Sammelbandes ist der Begriff der Verfestigung bzw. der formalen Stabilität im Deutschen und im Sprachvergleich, der die Aktualität der neueren lexikographischen und phraseologischen Forschung besonders prägt. Die hier versammelten 23 Beiträge reihen sich thematisch in diese Aktualität ein und behandeln diskursive Aspekte der Verfestigungs- bzw. Stabilitätsproblematik im Diskurs. Arbeiten und Forschungsergebnisse ausgewiesener internationaler Experten werden hier zusammengefu?hrt, die sich der Schnittstelle zwischen Pragmatik und Morphologie/Syntax widmen und vor allem das Deutsche oder den Sprachvergleich betreffende Fragestellungen im Zusammenhang mit Grammatikalisierungs-, Lexikalisierungs- und/oder Phraseologisierungsphänomenen diskutieren. Hiermit verbunden wird u.a. der Frage nachgegangen, wie verfestigte Strukturen zu Argumentationszwecken im Diskurs eingesetzt werden. Der vier thematische Bereiche umfassende Band zeigt damit, wie facettenreich der Verfestigungsbegriff im Diskurs sein kann und bietet zugleich Impulse fu?r die ku?nftige Forschung in diesem Bereich.

Discourse --- Grammaticalization --- Lexicalization --- Phraseology

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This work is the first comprehensive description of Sumerian constructions involving a copula. Using around 400 fully glossed examples, it gives a thorough analysis of all uses of the copula, which is one of the least understood and most frequently misinterpreted and consequently mistranslated morphemes in Sumerian. It starts with a concise introduction into the grammatical structure of Sumerian, followed by a study that is accessible to both linguists and sumerologists, as it applies the terminology of modern descriptive linguistics. It provides the oldest known and documented example of the path of grammaticalization that leads from a copula to a focus marker. It gives the description of Sumerian copular paratactic relative clauses, which make use of an otherwise only scarcely attested relativization strategy. At the end of the book, the reader will have a clear picture about the morphological and syntactic devices used to mark identificational, polarity and sentence focus in Sumerian, one of the oldest documented languages in the world.

Sumerian, copula, focus, information structure, copular clauses, grammaticalization, cuneiform languages

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After a short review of the history of research, the work introduces and delimits the concepts related to grammaticalization. It then provides extensive exemplification of grammaticalization phenomena in diverse languages, ordered by grammatical domains such as the verbal, pronominal and nominal sphere and clause level relations. The final chapter presents a theory of grammaticalization which is based on the autonomy of the linguistic sign with respect to the paradigmatic and syntagmatic axes. This is the basis of the structural parameters that constitute grammaticalization. They are operationalized to the point of rendering degrees of grammaticalization measurable.

reinforcement --- syntagmatic relation --- paradigmatic relation --- word order --- analogy --- grammaticalization --- degrammaticalization --- reanalysis --- renewal

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The present volume examines the usefulness of a particular set of concepts and processes of change studying their applicability to a range of linguistic changes in Spanish and Latin that cannot be easily or can only be partially accounted for within the framework of grammaticalization. Rather than challenging the insights of grammaticalization theory, the different contributions to this monograph demonstrate that exaptation, capitalization, refunctionalization and adfunctionalization, as well as changes motivated by rhetorical guidelines, constitute interesting and valuable notions that allow for a better understanding of specific language changes in Spanish and, by extension, of language change in general.

language change --- historical linguistics --- refunctionalization --- frequency effects --- folk etymology --- Spanish --- past participle construction --- auxiliaries --- resultatives --- exaptation --- refunctionalization --- capitalization --- Spanish --- syntax variation --- &lt --- indefinite article + possessive + noun&gt --- construction --- refunctionalization --- adversativity --- ante-antes --- exaptation --- temporality --- preferentiality --- refunctionalization --- specialization --- reanalysis --- first-person plural of haber --- existential verb form habemos --- context --- grammaticalization --- exaptation --- refunctionalization --- analogical extension --- elision --- connector --- construction --- evolutionary process --- Latin mediante --- grammatical calque --- participle clause --- prepositional value --- discursive tradition --- refunctionalization --- Castilian articles --- definiteness --- adfunctionalization --- indefiniteness --- grammaticalization --- absolute clause --- Old Spanish --- syntactic borrowing --- Latinisms --- n/a