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This book, a collection of 12 original contributions and 4 reviews, provides a selection of the most recent advances in the preparation, characterization, and applications of polymeric nanocomposites comprising nanoparticles. The concept of nanoparticle-reinforced polymers came about three decades ago, following the outstanding discovery of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes. One of the main ideas behind this approach is to improve the matrix mechanical performance. The nanoparticles exhibit higher specific surface area, surface energy, and density compared to microparticles and, hence, lower nanofiller concentrations are needed to attain properties comparable to, or even better than, those obtained by conventional microfiller loadings, which facilitates processing and minimizes the increase in composite weight. The addition of nanoparticles into different polymer matrices opens up an important research area in the field of composite materials. Moreover, many different types of inorganic nanoparticles, such as quantum dots, metal oxides, and ceramic and metallic nanoparticles, have been incorporated into polymers for their application in a wide range of fields, ranging from medicine to photovoltaics, packaging, and structural applications.

chemical and physical interface --- surface modification of silica --- latex compounding method --- silica/NR composite --- thermoresponsive hyperbranched polymer --- gold nanoparticles --- in-situ synthesis --- colorimetric sensor --- silver ions --- Ag nanoparticles --- catalysis --- composite membrane --- separation --- SiO2 microspheres --- inorganic nanotubes --- PHBV --- nanomaterials --- morphology --- crystallization kinetics --- nanocomposite --- conductive polymer --- solar cell --- graphene --- graphene oxide --- power-conversion efficiency --- electrode --- active layer --- interfacial layer --- layered structures --- polymer-matrix composites --- mechanical properties --- gas barrier properties --- N-isopropylacrylamide --- N-isopropylmethacrylamide --- ratiometric temperature sensing --- FRET --- chain topology --- selective adsorption --- polymer-NP interface --- organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) --- PFO/MEH-PPV hybrids --- SiO2/TiO2 nanocomposite --- optoelectronic properties --- fluorescent assay --- fluorescence resonance energy transfer --- conjugated polymer nanoparticles --- gold nanoparticles --- melamine --- polymers --- composites --- carbon nanoparticles --- nano-hybrids --- nanocomposites --- sol–gel --- in situ synthesis --- metal oxides --- reduced graphene oxide --- graphene-like WS2 --- bismaleimide --- mechanical properties --- carrier transport --- polypropylene nanocomposite --- molecular chain motion --- electrical breakdown --- electric energy storage --- thermoplastic nanocomposite --- polyethylene --- power cable insulation --- electrical property --- structure-property relationship --- hybrid hydrogels --- nanoparticles --- nanosheets --- clays --- polymers --- adhesion --- n/a