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Silicon has been proven to be remarkably resilient as a commercial electronic material. The microelectronics industry has harnessed nanotechnology to continually push the performance limits of silicon devices and integrated circuits. Rather than shrinking its market share, silicon is displacing “competitor” semiconductors in domains such as high-frequency electronics and integrated photonics. There are strong business drivers underlying these trends; however, an important contribution is also being made by research groups worldwide, who are developing new configurations, designs, and applications of silicon-based nanoscale and nanostructured materials. This Special Issue features a selection of papers which illustrate recent advances in the preparation of chemically or physically engineered silicon-based nanostructures and their application in electronic, photonic, and mechanical systems.

nano silica sol --- long-term mechanical tests --- fluctuating temperature-humidity conditions --- micro-mechanism --- silicon quantum dots --- localized surface plasmon resonances --- light emitting devices --- gold nanoparticles --- electroluminescence enhancement --- nanomembranes --- optical gain media --- group-IV semiconductors --- strain engineering --- SiC nanowires --- C/C composites --- in-situ growth --- mechanical properties --- silicon carbide --- ultrathin nanowires --- nanofabrication --- self-aligned nanowires --- telecom wavelengths --- quantum photonics --- silicon --- silicon carbide --- nanoparticles --- nanowires --- graphene oxide --- self-assembly --- thermal reduction --- thin film transistor --- single-crystal Si nanomembrane (Si NMs) --- TiO2 insertion layer --- ohmic contact

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Soft material-enabled electronics offer distinct advantage, over conventional rigid and bulky devices, for numerous wearable and implantable applications. Soft materials allow for seamless integration with skin and tissues due to enhanced mechanical flexibility and stretchability. Wearable devices, such as sensors, offer continuous, real-time monitoring of biosignals and movements, which can be applied in rehabilitation and diagnostics, among other applications. Soft implantable electronics offer similar functionalities, but with improved compatibility with human tissues. Biodegradable soft implantable electronics are also being developed for transient monitoring, such as in the weeks following surgery. To further advance soft electronics, materials, integration strategies, and fabrication techniques are being developed. This paper reviews recent progress in these areas, toward the development of soft material-enabled electronics for medicine, healthcare, and human-machine interfaces.

soft materials --- flexible hybrid electronics --- wearable electronics --- stretchable electronics --- medicine --- healthcare --- human-machine interfaces --- point-of-care testing --- soft material-based channel --- PDMS optical filter --- smartphone-based biosensor --- chromogenic biochemical assay --- naked-eye detection --- implantable materials --- low-profile bioelectronics --- micro/nanofabrication --- medical devices --- biodegradable materials --- miniaturization --- bioresorbable electronics --- printing electronics techniques --- conductive inks --- flexible electronics --- carbon-based nano-materials --- bio-integrated electronics --- hardening sponge --- MR sponge --- 6 degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) MR haptic master --- RMIS (robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery) --- implantable devices --- optical waveguides --- optical fibers --- biocompatible --- biodegradable --- electroactive hydrogel --- polyvinyl alcohol --- cellulose nanocrystals --- freeze–thaw method --- actuation --- biodegradable electronics --- transient electronics --- soft biomedical electronics --- biodegradable materials --- silver nanowire --- graphene oxide --- polymer-dispersed liquid crystal --- smart window --- hybrid transparent conductive electrode --- conductive textile --- capacitive pressure sensor --- gait --- monitoring --- phase coordination index --- stretchable --- polydimethylsiloxane --- liquid-metal --- capacitor --- dysphagia --- swallowing --- tongue --- nitinol --- superelastic --- prosthesis --- soft materials --- wearable electronics --- implantable electronics --- biodegradable --- medical devices --- diagnostics --- health monitoring --- human-machine interfaces