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The Close Linkage between Nutrition and Environment through Biodiversity and Sustainability: Local Foods, Traditional Recipes, and Sustainable Diets” is focused on the close correlation between the potential benefits and “functional role” of food and territory, and it includes papers on the characterization of local foods and traditional recipes as well as on the promotion of traditional dietary patterns and sustainable diets.

Italian garlic --- carbohydrates --- fructans --- dietary fibre --- soluble sugars --- cultivar --- environmental conditions --- agave sap --- actinomycetes --- anticancer activity --- saponins --- metabolomics --- ecosystem goods and services --- environmental sustainability --- livelihood needs --- Schinziophyton rautanenii --- Southern Africa --- sustainable development goals --- sustainable diets --- alkaloids --- antimicrobial activity --- germplasm --- Klebsiella --- landraces --- lupanine --- Pseudomonas --- varieties --- traditional food --- antimicrobial --- bioassay --- PIRG --- fractions --- consumer culture theory --- post millennials --- cheese --- loyalty --- Cyprus --- traditional food --- traditional sausages --- conventional sausages --- traditional hams --- conventional hams --- traditional meat products --- pork --- fatty acids --- mountain --- sustainability --- altitude --- food --- health --- FTIR-ATR --- traditional Italian recipes --- chemometrics --- PCA --- Olea europaea L. --- olive oil --- geographical origin --- processing system --- harvesting time --- olive oil quality --- fatty acid composition --- sensorial evaluation --- consumer preferences --- agro-ecology biodiversity --- climate resilience --- health --- local foods --- bioactive components --- traditional recipes --- traditional dietary patterns --- edible plants --- Mediterranean --- innovative gastronomy --- tetraploid wheat --- metallomics --- macronutrients --- micronutrients --- plants adaptability --- Provolone del Monaco --- traditional foods --- biodiversity --- sustainability --- nutritional composition --- bioactive components --- typical/local foods --- environmental and socio-demographic factors --- traditional recipes --- sustainable diets --- traditional dietary patterns --- Food Composition Databases

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Growing evidence shows that a dietary pattern inspired by Mediterranean dietprinciples is associated with numerous health benefits. A Mediterranean-typediet has been demonstrated to exert a preventive effect toward cardiovasculardiseases, in both Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean populations. Part ofthese properties may depend on a positive action toward healthier metabolism,decreasing the risk of diabetes and metabolic-syndrome-related conditions.Some studies also suggested a potential role in preventing certain cancers. Finally,newer research has showed that a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet isassociated with a lower risk of cognitive decline, depression, and other mentaldisorders. Overall, a better understanding of the key elements of this dietarypattern, the underlying mechanisms, and targets, are needed to corroboratecurrent evidence and provide insights on new and potential outcomes.ThisSpecial Issue welcomes original research and reviews of literature concerningthe Mediterranean diet and various health outcomes:Observational studies onestablished nutritional cohorts (preferred), case-control studies, or populationsample on the association with non-communicable diseases;Level of evidenceon the association with human health, including systematic reviews and metaanalyses;Evaluation of application of Mediterranean diet principles in non-Mediterranean countries;Description of mechanisms of action, pathways, andtargets at the molecular level, including interaction with gut microbiota.

Mediterranean diet --- dietary intervention --- diet --- nutrition --- translation --- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease --- cardiovascular disease --- Mediterranean diet --- physical activity --- self-concept --- socioeconomic factors --- Mediterranean diet --- diabetes --- cardiovascular risk --- glucose control --- plasma lipids --- relative Mediterranean diet score --- Mediterranean diet --- questionnaire --- children --- adolescents --- obesity --- Mediterranean diet --- athletes --- Spain --- dietary intake --- catechins --- resveratrol --- olive oil --- wine --- BMI --- Mediterranean diet --- barriers --- dietary change --- childbearing age --- diet quality --- depressive symptoms --- risk factors --- epidemiology --- immune system --- prevention --- hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal-HPA axis --- Mediterranean diet --- motivational climate --- sports --- university students --- Mediterranean diet --- metabolomics --- microbiome --- Mediterranean diet --- DNA damage --- DNA repair --- telomere length --- dietary intervention study --- Mediterranean diet --- sleep quality --- cognitive decline --- dementia --- weight status --- mental health --- obesity --- cohort --- Italy --- Mediterranean diet --- quality of life --- mental health --- fruit --- vegetable --- dairy --- nuts --- fish --- whole-grain --- food groups --- Mediterranean diet --- pregnancy --- offspring --- child health --- Mediterranean diet --- Mediterranean diet pyramid --- noncommunicable diseases --- Mediterranean Diet --- public health policy --- childhood obesity --- healthy lifestyle --- health communication --- n/a