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"Zimbabwe’s ZANU-PF party has been locked in an internal battle of political survival which intensified as the country democratized. Political violence has become a common feature in these internal struggles and underscores the degree of competition between agents within the government. This analysis of Zimbabwe’s political violence is presented in three sequential parts: the first considers patterns and explanations for the violence in 2008; the second on subsequent low-level violence since 2008; and the last on the violence emanating from internal ZANU-PF factional struggles. There are continuities in this violence over the past ten years; first, the politics of the ruling party have become the defining feature of the Zimbabwean state; and political violence remains a direct reflection of ZANU-PF internal struggles. Second, violence is most intense surrounding elections. Violence marred all three that took place between January 2008 and August 2018, although at vastly different rates and in response to different perceived threats. Despite the repeated risks of violence during elections, Zimbabwe remains a relatively stable country with low rates of all political violence compared to the surrounding states in Africa. Third, violence is but one way that the internal competition with ZANU-PF and state institutions is performed. As ZANU-PF continues to alter its foundations, elites and principles to be ‘fit for purpose’, there are reasons to believe that violence rates will not change."

Zimbabwe --- politics --- violence --- political violence

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El presente trabajo analiza el rol de la intelectualidad liberal-conservadora argentina ante la última dictadura, el "Proceso de Reorganización Nacional" (1976-1983). El libro estudia las posiciones e intervenciones de un conjunto de catorce actores: Álvaro Alsogaray, Alberto Benegas Lynch, Germán Bidart Campos, Horacio García Belsunce, Jorge Luis García Venturini, Mariano Grondona, Juan Segundo Linares Quintana, Mario Justo López, José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz, Víctor Massuh, Jaime Perriaux, Ambrosio Romero Carranza, Carlos Sánchez Sañudo y Ricardo Zinn. La elección de estos nombres implica considerar un abanico amplio de trayectorias que componen figuras intelectuales de diversidad, unidas sin embargo por muchos más vínculos que la adscripción política.La obra se interna en la historia político-intelectual de un espacio ideológico aún poco explorado desde los estudios sobre la intelectualidad, las derechas y la propia dictadura, reponiendo los diversos espacios ocupados por estos hombres, sus proyectos, coincidencias, polémicas y desencantos en un momento clave de la historia argentina.Cita sugerida: Vicente, Martín (2015). De la refundación al ocaso : Los intelectuales liberalconservadores ante la última dictadura. La Plata : Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación ; Posadas : Universidad Nacional de Misiones ; Los Polvorines : Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento. (Entre los libros de la buena memoria ; 3) Disponible en http://libros.fahce.unlp.edu.ar/index.php/libros/catalog/book/61

Argentina --- military dictatorship --- political violence --- dictadura militar --- violencia política

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The first book to examine the full historical arc of secession and secessionist conflict across sub-Saharan Africa.Wars fought for political separation have become omnipresent in post-colonial Africa. From the division of Sudan, to the continued fragmentation of Somalia, and the protracted struggles of Cabinda and Azawad, conflict over secession and separation continues to the present day.This is the first single volume to examine the historical arc of secession and secessionist conflict across sub-Saharan Africa. Paying particular attention to the development of secessionist conflicts and their evolving goals, Secession and Separatist Conflicts in Postcolonial Africa draws on case studies and rigorous research to examine three waves of secessionist movements, themselves defined by international conflict and change. Using detailed case studies, the authors offer a framework to understand how secession and separation occur, how these are influenced by both preceding movements and global political trends, and how their ongoing legacies continue to shape African regional politics.Deeply engaging and thoroughly researched, this book presents a nuanced and important new overview of African separatist and secessionist conflicts. It addresses the structures, goals, and underlying influences of these movements within a broader global context to impart a rich understanding of why these conflicts are waged, and how they succeed or fail.

Africa --- Political violence --- Conflict --- War --- Crisis --- Secession --- Separatism

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“Dilemas, apuestas y reflexiones teórico-metodológicas para los abordajes en Historia Reciente” se preocupa por presentar los dilemas teóricos y metodológicos, las potencialidades  y la utilización de las fuentes para la escritura de la Historia Reciente, los condicionantes en las agendas académicas con el propósito de dejar explicitadas las preocupaciones con las que se trabaja en escritura de la historia del pasado reciente y dar cuenta cómo se construyen los objetos de estudio. El libro está organizado en dos partes. La primera dedicada a discutir conceptos, categorías y perspectivas teóricas, y la segunda orientada a reflexionar sobre posibilidades y limitaciones del heterogéneo y complejo universo de materiales utilizados en la escritura de los diferentes capítulos de ese pasado doloroso y que no pasa. No obstante esta división, los recorridos analíticos, teórico-metodológicos e historiográficos atraviesan todos los capítulos del libro, pero lo hacen desde aproximaciones disímiles, que aportan de manera significativa, sea a la reflexión crítica sobre cuestiones estructurantes de la investigación sobre el pasado reciente (la represión, sus dimensiones, modalidades y características; la militancia humanitaria, las relaciones entre violencia y política, los exilios; la temporalidad del pasado-presente; los trabajos de la memoria, la transmisión intergeneracional de pasados traumáticos), sea al conocimiento específico de capítulos concretos de la historia de las dictaduras argentina y chilena.

political violence --- human rights --- military dictatorship --- Argentina --- Chile --- violencia política --- derechos humanos --- dictadura militar

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This open access book brings together a set of original studies that use cutting-edge computational methods to investigate conflict at various geographic scales and degrees of intensity and violence. Methodologically, this book covers a variety of computational approaches from text mining and machine learning to agent-based modelling and social network analysis. Empirical cases range from migration policy framing in North America and street protests in Iran to violence against civilians in Congo and food riots world-wide. Supplementary materials in the book include a comprehensive list of the datasets on conflict and dissent, as well as resources to online repositories where the annotated code and data of individual chapters can be found and where (agent-based) models can be re-produced and altered. These materials are a valuable resource for those wishing to retrace and learn from the analyses described in this volume and adapt and apply them to their own research interests. By bringing together novel research through an international team of scholars from a range of disciplines, Computational Conflict Research pioneers and maps this emerging field. The book will appeal to students, scholars, and anyone interested in the prospects of using computational social sciences to advance our understanding of conflict dynamics.

Social sciences --- Social sciences—Data processing --- Social sciences—Computer programs --- Peace --- Terrorism --- Political violence --- Data mining