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In the last decades, there has been increasing interest in Naturally Occurring Asbestos (NOA) and asbestos containing materials (ACMs) as a source of possible environmental risk. A crucial theme of interest related to environmental pollution is the enhanced mobilization of asbestos minerals affecting soils and rocks due to human activities (e.g., road construction, mining activity) in comparison with natural weathering processes. The volume has aimed to gather contributions and to compare results derived from various experiences of research groups regarding NOA minerals as a source of possible environmental risks for population. Case studies from various geological contexts are presented. Moreover, contributions presenting novel and classical approaches for ACM inertization and recycling, together with possible solutions for reducing asbestos exposure, has been also presented.
asbestos-containing materials --- recycling --- thermal treatment --- melting process --- aggregates --- serpentine varieties --- naturally occurring asbestos --- health hazard --- serpentinite soil --- asbestos’ minerals --- edenite --- serpentinites --- Southern Italy --- rhino white marble of Namibia --- tremolite --- fibrous habitus --- health hazard --- texture --- naturally occurring asbestos --- morphology --- cleavage fragments --- asbestiform and fibrous minerals --- environmental monitoring --- naturally occurring asbestos --- serpentinites --- polymorphs --- health hazard --- XRD --- SEM --- IR --- RD-UV-Vis spectroscopy --- chrysotile --- antigorite --- lizardite characterization --- tremolite --- Naturally Occurring Asbestos (NOA) --- asbestos --- grinding test --- PCOM --- image analysis --- n/a
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This book is made up of contributions dealing with heritage stones from different countries around the world. The stones are described, as well as their use in vernacular and contemporaneous architecture. Heritage stones are those stones that have special significance in human culture. Examples include some very important stones that have been either neglected because they are no longer extracted, or stones that have great significance in commercial terms but knowledge of their national and/or international heritage has not been well documented. In this collection of articles, we have tried to spread awareness of architectural heritage around the world, the natural stones that have been used in its construction, and the need to preserve historical quarries that once provided the source of such stones. Historical quarries are linked to regional culture and tradition. Because of the specific technical and aesthetical characteristics of heritage stones, which have lasted for centuries, these historical quarries should be preserved to be able to use the stones for the proper restoration of monuments and historical buildings to avoid negative actions that can be observed in many places in the restoration of buildings, which are some times part of World Heritage sites. The final intention of this book is to continuosly grow the interest on this fascinating subject of heritage stones.
Gyeongju Historic Areas --- 2016 Gyeongju Earthquake --- site characterisation --- site-specific ground response analysis --- stone architectural heritage --- dynamic centrifuge test --- Cheomseongdae --- ancient seismic design technique --- serpentinites --- rocks characterization --- dimension stone --- architectural heritage --- pyroclastic rock --- dimension stone --- Sardinia --- geoheritage --- market --- houses based on natural stone --- architectural heritage --- the bay of Kotor --- UNESCO cultural heritage --- Studenica --- Sopo?ani --- marble deposits --- quarry characterisation --- restoration --- sustainability --- management --- cultural heritage conservation --- sustainability --- architectural conservation --- stone architecture heritage --- modern principles of double-layered ventilated roofs --- conservation requirements --- UNESCO World Heritage List --- marble --- wettability properties --- hydrophobicity --- laser surface texturing --- multiscale roughness --- cultural heritage --- ultrafast pulse laser --- dolostone --- quarries --- Coimbra Formation --- heritage --- Chianocco marble --- heritage stone --- archaeometry --- Western Alps --- isotopic analysis --- SEM-EDS --- heritage stone --- quartzite --- Bargiolina --- quarries --- dimension stone --- kaolin --- industrial minerals --- natural stone --- fracturing pattern --- quarrying --- geoheritage --- Unesco World Heritage Site --- building stones --- Guadeloupe --- Martinique --- French West Indies --- eastern Caribbean --- cultural heritage --- geological heritage --- historical and Archaeological sites --- Candoglia marble --- Duomo di Milano --- petrographic analysis --- geoheritage --- cultural stone
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This Special Issue covers a broad range of topics related to the mineralogy of noble metals (Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, Rh, and Ru) and the occurrence, formation, and distribution of these elements in natural ore-forming systems. This collection of eleven research articles discusses various problems related to these topics. I hope this Special Issue will contribute to a better understanding of the genesis of gold, silver, and other noble metal deposits as well as the behavior of these elements in endogenic and supergene environments, and suggest ways forward to solving the problem of their full extraction from ores.
gold selenide --- gold sulfoselenide --- colloids --- nanoparticles --- nucleation --- liquid intermediates --- deposition --- XPS --- sulfide minerals --- platinum --- deposition --- valleriite --- chloride complexes --- zircon U–Pb age --- in situ sulfur isotopes --- gold source --- ore genesis --- Chaoyangzhai gold deposit --- Southeast Guizhou --- mineralization age --- Nibao gold deposit --- ore-forming fluid --- Rb–Sr isotopic composition --- Yunnan–Guizhou–Guangxi “Golden Triangle” region --- Gaching ore deposit --- mustard gold --- calaverite --- maletoyvayamite --- Fe-Sb(Te,As,Se,S)-oxides --- Au-Sb(Te,Se,S,As)-oxides --- Cu-Fe-Ni-S system --- platinum-group elements --- Au --- Ag --- metalloid elements --- fractional crystallization --- drop-shaped inclusions --- noble metals --- invisible species --- distribution --- pyrite --- arsenopyrite --- structural and surficial modes --- arsenopyrite --- crystal lattice --- ligand surroundings --- non-equal positions --- Mössbauer Effect --- gold --- “invisible” gold --- gold ore deposits --- Kagan ultramafic massif --- Southern Urals --- antigorite serpentinites --- magnetite veins --- gold mineralization --- native gold --- thermodynamic modeling --- fluid regime --- Fennoscandian Shield --- Kolmozero–Voronya belt --- Oleninskoe deposit --- mustard gold --- dyscrasite --- chlorargyrite --- gold ore field --- karst cavities --- monolithic and porous gold --- Tl oxides (avicennite) --- Tl carbonates --- Tl tellurates and antimonates --- n/a
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