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This book provides a truly comprehensive analysis of the 2013 federal election in Australia, which brought the conservative Abbott government to power, consigned the fractious Labor Party to the Opposition benches and ended the ‘hung parliament’ experiment of 2010–13 in which the Greens and three independents lent their support to form a minority Labor government.
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Strategic voting is classically defined as “voting for one’s second preferred option to prevent one’s least preferred option from winning when one’s first preference has no chance.” Voters want their votes to be effective, and casting a ballot that will have no influence on an election is undesirable—therefore, some voters cast a strategic ballot when they decide it is useful. This edited volume includes case studies of strategic voting behavior in Israel, Germany, Japan, Belgium, Spain, Switzerland, Canada, and the UK, and provides a conceptual framework for understanding strategic voting behavior in all types of electoral systems.
Political Science --- strategic voting --- voting systems --- electoral systems --- proportional representation --- voter expectation --- tactical voting
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" Voting advice applications (VAA) have supported Finnish voters for over 20 years in their voting decisions in general elections. Most Finnish VAAs are planned and provided by the media, and they are based on matching opinions of individual candidates with an individual VAA users before elections. Nowadays, in Finland, VAAs are important for almost all age groups. Among the youngest voters VAAs are viewed as the most important source of information to support voting decisions. The book provides up-to-date and comprehensive picture over the role and significance of VAAs in the Finnish political system and in the political communication arena. Research topics deal also with VAA journalism and how candidates perceive VAAs. Research data and data materials in use are wide-ranging. They range from survey data sets to questions of VAAs and from interviews of candidates and VAA producers to media content about VAAs. Theoretical research questions are mostly related to the democratic value of VAAs. This perspective is central also in the end of the book, which opens possible future pathways for the VAAs."
voting advice applications --- journalism --- representative democracy --- elections --- voting --- Finland --- vaalikoneet --- käyttö --- äänestäminen --- vaalit --- media --- uutisointi --- poliittinen journalismi --- edustuksellinen demokratia --- Suomi
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The timely book takes stock of the state of the art and future of electronic democracy, exploring the history and potential of e-democracy in global perspective. Analysing the digital divide, the role of the internet as a tool for political mobilisation, internet Voting and Voting Advice Applications, and other phenomena, this volume critically engages with the hope for more transparency and political participation through e-democracy.
Political Science --- democracy --- social media --- governance --- e-voting --- electronic democracy --- public administration --- digital politics --- liquid democracy
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This open access book raises crucial questions about the citizenship of the European Union. Is it a new citizenship beyond the nation-state although it is derived from Member State nationality? Who should get it? What rights and duties does it entail? Should EU citizens living in other Member States be able to vote there in national elections? If there are tensions between free movement and social rights, which should take priority? And should the European Court of Justice determine what European citizenship is about or the legislative institutions of the EU or national parliaments? This book collects a wide range of answers to these questions from legal scholars, political scientists, and political practitioners. It is structured as a series of three conversations in which authors respond to each other. This exchange of arguments provides unique depth to the debate.
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Citizenship is frequently invoked both as an instrument and goal of immigrant integration. Yet, in migration contexts, citizenship also marks a distinction between members and outsiders based on their different relations to particular states. A migration perspective highlights the boundaries of citizenship and political control over entry and exit as well as the fact that foreign residents remain in most countries deprived of core rights of political participation. This book summarizes current theories and empirical research on the legal status and political participation of migrants in European democracies.
citizenship --- political participation --- european union citizenship --- sociology --- voting rights --- sociologie --- naturalisation --- political mobilisation --- transnationalism --- migration --- migrant organisations --- politicologie --- political science
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Interest in politics and the political process—topics that economists consider to be the purview of the sub-field of study known as public choice—appears to be as high as ever. This Special Issue aims to provide a collection of high-quality studies covering many of the varied topics traditionally investigated in the growing field of public choice economics. These include expressive and instrumental voting, checks and balances in the enforcement of rules, electoral disproportionality, foreign aid and political freedom, voting cycles, (in)stability of political ideology, federal spending on environmental goods, pork-barrel and general appropriations spending, politics and taxpayer funding for professional sports arenas, and political scandal and “friends-and-neighbors” voting in general elections. In bringing these topics together in one place, this Special Issue offers a mix of conceptual/formal and empirical studies in public choice economics.
friends-and-neighbors voting --- localism in elections --- reputation capital --- political scandal --- expressive voting --- instrumental voting --- voter turnout --- rational voter apathy --- rational ignorance --- confirmation bias --- Altruism --- Leading by example --- Policy formulation --- Hierarchical games --- constitutional constraints --- checks and balances --- political elite --- democratic oversight --- election --- rector --- Ghent University --- majority decision --- majority judgment --- public choice --- public interest --- seniority --- mining --- political economy --- pork-barrel spending --- campaign finance --- incumbency advantage --- elections --- electoral systems --- proportionality --- electoral quota --- disproportionality indexes --- measurement --- Spain --- Sweden --- Germany --- voting behavior --- National Football League --- Donald Trump --- political ideology --- roll-call voting --- public choice --- public policy --- United States Congress --- n/a
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Dans ses aspects aussi bien théoriques que matériels, le système du vote dans les mondes grec et romain a depuis longtemps été exploré au sein d’études plus générales sur les institutions ou les différents types de régimes politiques. Il n’a cependant jamais fait l’objet de publications réunissant à la fois les témoignages textuels et les résultats des fouilles archéologiques, dans l’optique d’une compréhension globale de cette pratique. De ce constat est né le projet d’une synthèse portant sur les modalités, les lieux et les finalités du vote en Grèce, à Rome et en Gaule, dans une perspective comparatiste. Menée dans le cadre d’un programme de recherche interdisciplinaire soutenu par l’université Lumière Lyon 2 et la Maison de l’Orient et de la Méditerranée, cette recherche a suscité, selon les régions et les périodes concernées, des questionnements spécifiques mais elle a aussi fait émerger des points de convergence. La collaboration de chercheurs issus de plusieurs disciplines – l’histoire, la philologie et l’archéologie – a permis de cerner la pratique du vote à travers ses implications politiques, ses modalités procédurales et la place qui lui a été réservée dans l’espace civique par les différentes sociétés antiques qui l’ont mise en œuvre. Le présent ouvrage, qui présente une synthèse sur chacune des aires géographiques étudiées et rassemble vingt et une contributions issues de séminaires ou de journées d’études qui se sont tenus à Lyon, à la Maison de l’Orient et de la Méditerranée, de la fin de l’année 2012 au printemps 2014, propose une approche inédite de l’acte de vote dans l’Antiquité.
voting --- drawing lots --- political systems --- ancient architecture --- ancient urbanism --- Greece --- Athens --- Rome --- Roman Empire --- Gaul --- Greek tragedy --- political philosophy --- ancient archaeology --- political science
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Political actors navigate a world of incomplete and noisy information. Voters make decisions about turnout and voting amidst campaign promises, credit claiming, and fake news. Policymakers experiment with reforms amidst uncertain predictions from experts and biased interest groups. Parties form coalitions and sign agreements amidst cheap talk and strategic communication. Beyond democracies, autocrats and dictators rule under uncertain threats to their regimes. In all of these environments, some political actors have incentives to learn and gather information, while others have incentives to influence and manipulate this information. This Special Issue addresses the question of how information structures, information transmission, and communication technologies influence political environments and affect the incentives faced by political actors. This is a collection of articles, combining game-theoretical and experimental work. The articles promote novel ideas and address understudied questions, which range from salience determination to microtargeting, ambiguous voting and information naivety. The findings complement the existing literature and suggest rationales for inefficiencies that arise in political environments with incomplete and noisy information.
jury trial --- pivotality --- ambiguity --- electoral competition --- multidimensional policy space --- microtargeting --- office-motivated candidates --- negative campaigning --- strategic disclosure --- mutual optimism --- incentives to go to war --- information --- correlation neglect --- information aggregation --- committee decision making --- voting experiment --- recency bias --- n/a
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This open access book carefully explores the relationship between social democracy and its working-class electorate in Western Europe. Relying on different indicators, it demonstrates an important transformation in the class basis of social democracy. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, the working-class vote is strongly fragmented and social democratic parties face competition on multiple fronts for their core electorate – and not only from radical right parties. Starting from a reflection on ‘working-class parties’ and using a sophisticated class schema, the book paints a nuanced and diversified picture of the trajectory of social democracy that goes beyond a simple shift from working-class to middle-class parties. Following a detailed description, the book reviews possible explanations of workers' new voting patterns and emphasizes the crucial changes in parties' ideologies. It closes with a discussion on the role of the working class in social democracy's future electoral strategies.
Electoral Politics --- Political Sociology --- Political History --- European Politics --- Comparative Politics --- Open Access --- social democracy --- electoral behaviour --- voting behaviour --- working class electorate --- labour movement --- class mobilisation --- working class party --- party politics --- industrial relations --- social classes and stratification --- electoral strategies --- immigration --- service workers --- radical left parties --- radical right parties --- European politics --- Elections & referenda --- Sociology --- Politics & government --- Political science & theory --- History: specific events & topics --- Europe --- Comparative politics
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